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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2022 Jun 10:56:e20210398.
doi: 10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0398en. eCollection 2022.

Risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter-related phlebitis in adult patients

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Adriana Moreira Noronha Simões  1 , Patrícia Vendramim  2 , Mavilde Luz Gonçalves Pedreira  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter-related phlebitis in adult patients

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Adriana Moreira Noronha Simões et al. Rev Esc Enferm USP. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese, Spanish

Objective: To identify risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter-related phlebitis in adult patients.

Method: This is a post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial, totaling 1,319 patients. Demographic and clinical variables related to therapy and phlebitis were investigated. For data analysis, frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated, and Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used, with logistic regression, ROC curve, and Odds Ratio calculation (95% confidence interval; 5% significance level) being implemented.

Results: Of the 1,319 participants, 80 (6.1%) developed phlebitis. The following were associated with the occurrence of phlebitis: reduced mobility (p = 0.015), family history of deep vein thrombosis (p = 0.05), catheterization of veins on the back of the hand (p = 0.012), pain (p < 0.01), Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate (p = 0.015), and Omeprazole Sodium (p = 0.029).

Conclusion: Risk factors for phlebitis involved intrinsic and extrinsic factors to the patient, indicating preventive nursing interventions such as promoting patient mobility, not catheterizing veins in the dorsal arch of the hand, cautious infusion of risk drugs, and valuing pain complaints.

Objetivo:: Identificar fatores de risco para flebite relacionada a cateteres intravenosos periféricos em pacientes adultos.

Método:: Estudo de análise post hoc de ensaio clínico randômico, totalizando 1.319 pacientes. Pesquisaram-se variáveis demográficas, clínicas, relacionadas à terapia e à flebite. Para análise de dados, calcularam-se frequências, medidas de tendência central e dispersão, e utilizaram-se os testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher, implementando-se regressão logística, curva ROC e cálculo de Odds Ratio (intervalo de confiança 95%; nível de significância 5%).

Resultados:: Dos 1.319 participantes, 80 (6,1%) desenvolveram flebite. Associaram-se à ocorrência de flebite mobilidade reduzida (p = 0,015), história familiar de trombose venosa profunda (p = 0,05), cateterização de veias do dorso da mão (p = 0,012), dor (p < 0,01), Amoxicilina-Clavulanato de Potássio (p = 0,015) e Omeprazol sódico (p = 0,029).

Conclusão:: Os fatores de risco para flebite envolveram fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos ao paciente, indicando intervenções de enfermagem preventivas, como promover a mobilidade do paciente, não cateterizar veias do arco dorsal da mão, infusão cautelosa de fármacos de risco e valorizar a queixa de dor.

Objetivo:: Identificar factores de riesgo de flebitis relacionada a catéteres intravenosos periféricos en pacientes adultos.

Método:: Estudio de análisis post hoc de ensayo clínico randómico, totalizando 1.319 pacientes. Se investigaron variables demográficas, clínicas, relacionadas a la terapia y a la flebitis. Para análisis de datos se calcularon frecuencias, medidas de tendencia central y dispersión y las pruebas Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y Exacto de Fisher, se implementó con regresión logística, curva ROC y cálculo de Odds Ratio (intervalo de confianza 95%; nivel de significancia 5%).

Resultados:: De los 1.319 participantes, 80 (6,1%) desarrollaron flebitis. Se asociaron a la ocurrencia de flebitis: movilidad reducida (p = 0,015), historial familiar de trombosis venoso profundo (p = 0,05), cateterización de venas del dorso de la mano (p = 0,012), dolor (p < 0,01), Amoxicilina-Clavulanato de Potasio (p = 0,015) y Omeprazol sódico (p = 0,029).

Conclusión:: Los factores de riesgo para flebitis involucraron factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos al paciente, indicando intervenciones de enfermería preventivas como promover la movilidad del paciente, no cateterizar venas del arco dorsal de la mano, infusión cautelosa de fármacos de riesgo y valoración de la queja de dolor.

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