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. 2022 Sep-Oct;21(5):599-604.
doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2022.04.006. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Combined brachytherapy and ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy for intermediate-risk prostate cancer: Comparison of toxicity outcomes using a high-dose-rate (HDR) versus low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy boost

Marisa A Kollmeier  1 , Daniel Gorovets  2 , Jessica Flynn  3 , Sean McBride  2 , Victoria Brennan  2 , Joel Beaudry  4 , Gilad Cohen  4 , Antonio Damato  4 , Zhigang Zhang  5 , Michael J Zelefsky  2
Affiliations

Combined brachytherapy and ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy for intermediate-risk prostate cancer: Comparison of toxicity outcomes using a high-dose-rate (HDR) versus low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy boost

Marisa A Kollmeier et al. Brachytherapy. 2022 Sep-Oct.

Abstract

Purpose/objective: To compare toxicity profiles of low-dose rate (LDR) and high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy boost combined with ultra-hypofractionated external beam radiation therapy (UH-EBRT).

Materials/methods: 99 patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer underwent an HDR (n = 59) or LDR (n = 40) boost combined with UH-EBRT (5 Gy x 5) . HDR (Ir-192) was delivered a single dose (15 Gy) and LDR (Pd-103) prescription dose was 100 Gy. Median baseline IPSS was 5 for both cohorts. Median follow-up was 29.3mos. Cumulative incidences were calculated for toxicity. Fisher exact tests were used to evaluate associations.

Results: Overall incidence of grade 2 genitourinary toxicity for the entire cohort at 12 and 24 months was 21% and 29%, respectively. The incidence of grade 2 genitourinary toxicity at 12 and 24 months was higher for LDR cohort compared with HDR cohort (45% vs 5.1% and 55% vs 11%; p<0.001). On MVA, only treatment regimen (LDR versus HDR) was associated with grade 2+ genitourinary toxicity (p<0.001). Two patients experienced grade 2 rectal toxicity in each cohort. No grade > 3 toxicities were observed.

Conclusions: Both LDR and HDR brachytherapy combined with UH-EBRT had favorable toxicity profiles, but significantly less grade 2+ genitourinary toxicity was observed in patients receiving HDR.

Keywords: Gu toxicity; HDR brachytherapy; LDR brachytherapy; Stereotactic radiotherapy; Ultra-hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Time to grade 2 genitourinary toxicity in LDR and HDR cohort
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