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Review
. 2022;11(1):78.
doi: 10.1186/s43088-022-00258-4. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Global emergence of Enterovirus 71: a systematic review

Gayatree Nayak  1 , Sanat Kumar Bhuyan  2 , Ruchi Bhuyan  3 , Akankshya Sahu  1 , Dattatreya Kar  3 , Ananya Kuanar  1
Affiliations
Review

Global emergence of Enterovirus 71: a systematic review

Gayatree Nayak et al. Beni Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci. 2022.

Abstract

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral infection caused by a virus from the enterovirus genus of picornavirus family that majorly affects children. Though most cases of HFMD do not cause major problems, the outbreaks of Enterovirus 71 (EV71) can produce a high risk of neurological sequelae, including meningoencephalitis, lung difficulties, and mortality. In Asia, HFMD caused by EV71 has emerged as an acutely infectious disease of highly pathogenic potential, which demands the attention of the international medical community.

Main body of the abstract: Some online databases including NCBI, PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, and EBSCO were also accessed using keywords relating to the topic for data mining. The paid articles were accessed through the Centre Library facility of Siksha O Anusandhan University. This work describes the structure, outbreak, molecular epidemiology of Enterovirus 71 along with different EV71 vaccines. Many vaccines have been developed such as inactivated whole-virus live attenuated, subviral particles, and DNA vaccines to cure the patients. In Asia-Pacific nations, inactivated EV71 vaccination still confronts considerable obstacles in terms of vaccine standardization, registration, price, and harmonization of pathogen surveillance and measurements.

Short conclusion: HFMD has emerged as a severe health hazard in Asia-Pacific countries in recent decades. In Mainland China and other countries with high HFMD prevalence, the inactivated EV71 vaccination will be a vital tool in safeguarding children's health. When creating inactivated EV71 vaccines, Mainland China ensured maintaining high standards of vaccine quality. The Phase III clinical studies were used to confirm the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations.

Keywords: Children; Enterovirus 71; Environmental factors; HFMD; Molecular epidemiology; Neurological disorders; Vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsAll the following author(s) declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding financial and non-financial of publication this article.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Structural representations of EV71
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
EV71 viral receptors binding process with host body
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Flow chart of pathogenesis of Enterovirus 71
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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