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. 2022 Jun 22;12(1):10518.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14235-5.

Post combustion CO2 capture with calcium and lithium hydroxide

Maria Antonietta Costagliola  1 , Maria Vittoria Prati  2 , Giuseppe Perretta  2
Affiliations

Post combustion CO2 capture with calcium and lithium hydroxide

Maria Antonietta Costagliola et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

A small-scale plant was built for measuring the ability of solid sorbents towards the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) in exhaust flue gas from an internal combustion engine. The investigated sorbents were calcium and lithium hydroxides. Both sorbents are low cost and used in the breathing gas purification systems. The carbonation capacity of each sorbent was measured for different sorbent granulometry (pellets and powder), different temperature (from ambient up to 300 °C), gas space velocity, moisture content and chemical composition of the gaseous stream. The aim was, in fact, to expose the sorbents to a gas stream with chemical and physical parameters close to those at the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. Carbonation capacity was measured with a double technique: on-line by continuously CO2 measurement with a non-dispersive infrared analyzer and off-line by using scanning electron microscopy on carbonated sorbents. Experimental results showed good CO2 uptake capacity of calcium hydroxide at low temperature (between 20 and 150 °C). Performance improvements came from the fine granulometry due to the increased exposed surface area; moreover, the presence of the moisture in gas stream also enhanced CO2 capture. The presence of sulphur dioxide and nitric oxide, instead, greatly decreased the carbonation capacity of sorbents.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SEM image of soda lime in powder (left side) and LiOH·H2O (right side).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pilot plant scheme.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Soda lime carbonation capacity as a function of the temperature.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Influence of space velocity (a) and granulometry (b) on soda lime carbonation capacity.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Carbonation capacity of LiOH anhydrous and monohydrate as a function of the temperature.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Elemental analysis of fresh and carbonated soda lime by SEM/EDS.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Carbonation capacity of soda lime in wet and dry conditions as a function of the temperature.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Average carbonation capacity of soda lime in wet and dry conditions.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Ca(OH)2 carbonation capacity with gas mixtures of different chemical composition.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Carbonation capacity of Ca(OH)2 w and w/o SO2.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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