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. 2022 Sep;63(9):661-669.
doi: 10.1111/jsap.13525. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Lymphadenectomy improves outcome in dogs with resected Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumours and overtly metastatic regional lymph nodes

C Chalfon  1 , S Sabattini  1 , R Finotello  2 , E Faroni  1 , D Guerra  1 , L Pisoni  1 , L Ciammaichella  1 , M E Vasconi  3 , M Annoni  4 , L Marconato  1
Affiliations

Lymphadenectomy improves outcome in dogs with resected Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumours and overtly metastatic regional lymph nodes

C Chalfon et al. J Small Anim Pract. 2022 Sep.

Abstract

Introduction: Historically, the prognosis for dogs with stage II Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumours has been considered poor.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of lymphadenectomy on outcome in dogs with Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumours and overt regional lymph node metastasis.

Material and methods: Data from dogs with completely staged Kiupel high-grade cutaneous mast cell tumours with overt and/or certain regional lymph node metastasis undergoing excision of the primary tumours and adjuvant medical treatment were extracted. Dogs with a cytological diagnosis of regional lymph node metastasis that did not undergo lymphadenectomy were compared with dogs that underwent lymphadenectomy and had a histological diagnosis of overt lymph node metastasis.

Results: Forty-nine dogs were included, 18 did not undergo lymphadenectomy while 31 underwent lymphadenectomy. Median time to progression was significantly shorter in dogs that did not undergo lymphadenectomy (150 days, 95% confidence interval: 129 to 170) compared to the other dogs (229 days, 95% confidence interval: 191 to 266). Median survival time was also shorter in dogs that did not undergo lymphadenectomy (250 days, 95% confidence interval: 191 to 308) compared to dogs that underwent lymphadenectomy (371 days, 95% confidence interval: 311 to 430). On multivariable analysis, lack of lymphadenectomy was associated with higher risk of overall tumour progression (hazard ratio: 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.02 to 4.13), nodal progression (hazard ratio: 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.65 to 7.02) and tumour-related death (hazard ratio 3.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.72 to 7.66), whereas tumour size was associated with higher risk of local recurrence (hazard ratio: 3.61, 95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 13).

Clinical significance: Regional lymphadenectomy may improve outcome in dogs with biologically aggressive cutaneous mast cell tumours.

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