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. 2022 May 27:78:103855.
doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103855. eCollection 2022 Jun.

Twelve-year trend of Escherichia coli antibiotic resistance in the Islamabad population

Kashif Bangash  1 , Hassan Mumtaz  2 , Mehwish Mehmood  1 , Majid Ali Hingoro  3 , Zoobia Z Khan  4 , Ahmed Sohail  4 , Sami Ullah  4 , Durishahwar Maqbool  5 , Umm-E-Farwa  6 , Neelum Jamal  7 , Momina Sami Khan  8 , Shahzaib Ahmad  9 , Anum Sohail  9 , Hassan Ul Hussain  10 , Irfan Ullah  11
Affiliations

Twelve-year trend of Escherichia coli antibiotic resistance in the Islamabad population

Kashif Bangash et al. Ann Med Surg (Lond). .

Abstract

Objective: Increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance among E. coli is a growing concern worldwide. We aimed to assess the changing antibiotic sensitivity pattern in Uropathogenic E. coli over a period of 12 years with special emphasis on ESBL-producing E. coli.

Methods: A retrospective study was done on the population of Islamabad from 1st Jan 2005 to Dec 2010 and then continued from 1st Jan 2016 to 31st May 2021. A total of 12000 samples were analyzed for isolation and identification of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, from patients having uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Our primary was to find the antibiotics with the highest sensitivity against E. Coli in 2021, while our secondary outcome was to find the overall sensitivity pattern of E. Coli to antibiotics from 2005 to 2021.

Results: There was a decrease in susceptibility rates of E. coli to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid 47%, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) 27%, Fluoroquinolones 24% & Cephalosporins 38%. There was a significant increase in the use of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin. High resistance rates to Fluoroquinolones (76%), TMP-SMX (73%), Cephalosporins (62%), and Amoxicillin (53%) were documented. However, significantly high degree of sensitivity rates to Fosfomycin (92%), Aminoglycosides (90%) & Nitrofurantoin (80%) were recorded.

Conclusions: Uropathogenic E. coli shows the highest sensitivity to Fosfomycin and Aminoglycosides in the year 2021, followed by Nitrofurantoin and Sulbactam. Cephalosporins, Amoxicillin/Cluvalanic acid, TMP-SMX, and Fluoroquinolones show a declining sensitivity pattern. UTIs can be prevented well by lifestyle changes, taking vitamins, trace elements, and carbohydrates.

Keywords: Antimicrobial susceptibility; E. coli; Lifestyle medicine; Trends; UTI; Uropathogenic.

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Conflict of interest statement

Nill.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Antibiotic sensitivity patterns in newer drugs.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Antibiotic sensitivity patterns in older drugs.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Sensitivity patterns of various antibiotics from 2006 to 2021.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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