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. 2022 Jun 2;12(6):1373.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12061373.

Inflammatory and Cardiac Biomarkers in Relation with Post-Acute COVID-19 and Mortality: What We Know after Successive Pandemic Waves

Catalina Lionte  1   2 , Victorita Sorodoc  1   2 , Raluca Ecaterina Haliga  1   2 , Cristina Bologa  1   2 , Alexandr Ceasovschih  1   2 , Ovidiu Rusalim Petris  2   3 , Adorata Elena Coman  2   4 , Alexandra Stoica  1   2 , Oana Sirbu  1   2 , Gabriela Puha  1   2 , Mihai Constantin  1   2 , Gabriela Dumitrescu  1   2 , Victoria Gorciac  2   5 , Andrei-Costin Chelariu  2   6 , Andreea Nicoleta Catana  7 , Elisabeta Jaba  8 , Laurentiu Sorodoc  1   2
Affiliations

Inflammatory and Cardiac Biomarkers in Relation with Post-Acute COVID-19 and Mortality: What We Know after Successive Pandemic Waves

Catalina Lionte et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Biomarkers were correlated with mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. No prediction tools exist for noncritically ill COVID-19 patients. We aimed to compare the independent prognostic value of inflammation and cardiac biomarkers for post-acute COVID-19 patients and the 30-day mortality rate in noncritically ill COVID-19 patients, as well as the relation with the virus variant involved.

Methods: This observational cohort study was conducted at an emergency clinical hospital between 1 October 2020 and 31 December 2021. We included consecutive patients with biomarkers determined within 24 h of presentation, followed up at least 30 days postdischarge.

Results: Post-acute COVID-19 was diagnosed in 20.3% of the cases and the all-cause 30-day mortality rate was 35.1% among 978 patients infected with variants of concern. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (1.06 [95%CI, 1.01-1.11], p = 0.015) and NT-pro BNP were correlated with 30-daymortality, while the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (2.77 [95%CI, 1.10-6.94], p = 0.03) and NT-pro BNP (1.68 [95%CI, 1.00-2.84], p = 0.05) were correlated with post-acute COVID-19. High-sensitivity to troponin was associated with 30-day mortality (1.55 [95%CI, 1.00-2.42], p = 0.05). A Cox proportional-hazards model confirmed that NT-pro BNP was independently associated with mortality. NT-pro BNP remained independently associated with 30-day mortality during follow-up (1.29 [95%CI, 1.07-1.56], p = 0.007) after adjustment for confounders.

Conclusion: Inflammation and cardiac biomarkers, determined upon admission and predischarge, in a cohort of hospitalized noncritically ill COVID-19 patients throughout successive pandemic waves, showed a predictive value for post-acute COVID-19 and 30-day mortality.

Keywords: 30-day mortality; NT-pro BNP; high sensitivity cardiac troponin; inflammatory biomarkers; post-acute COVID-19; variants of concern.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Post-acute COVID-19 in the cohort analyzed.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Box plot demonstrating the logarithmic concentrations of NT-pro BNP in relation with 30-day mortality; °, represent outliers; (b) Cox proportional-hazards model assessing the relationship between NT-pro BNP groups and survival during follow-up.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Kaplan–Meier survival curves regarding all-cause 30-day mortality according with NT-pro BNP groups in the whole study population.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Boxplot demonstrating the logarithmic concentrations of predischarge high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI) among the main outcome groups after 30 days follow up; °, represent outliers; *, represent extreme values.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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