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. 2022 Jun 19;58(6):824.
doi: 10.3390/medicina58060824.

Endothelial Microparticles as Potential Biomarkers in the Assessment of Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypercholesterolemia

Nik Nor Izah Nik Ibrahim  1   2 , Razlina Abdul Rahman  2   3 , Maryam Azlan  4 , Aniza Abd Aziz  5 , Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool  1   2
Affiliations

Endothelial Microparticles as Potential Biomarkers in the Assessment of Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypercholesterolemia

Nik Nor Izah Nik Ibrahim et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Endothelial microparticles (EMP) particularly CD31+/42−/AV+, CD144+/AV+ and CD62e+/AV+ have been reported as having increased in cardiovascular-related diseases, making them potential biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction. This study aimed to compare these EMPs in patients with hypercholesterolemia and healthy controls and to correlate their levels with endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) assessed via pulse wave analysis (PWA); an established method of assessing endothelial function. Materials and Methods: EMPs from 88 subjects (44 hypercholesterolemia patients and 44 controls) were quantified from whole blood using flow cytometry analysis. Endothelial function was determined using PWA combined with pharmacological challenge. Results: CD31+/42−/AV+ (3.45 ± 4.74 count/µL vs. 1.33 ± 4.40 count/µL; p = 0.03), CD144+/AV+ (7.37 ± 12.66 count/µL vs. 1.42 ± 1.71 count/µL; p = 0.003) and CD62e+/AV+ (57.16 ± 56.22 count/µL vs. 20.78 ± 11.04 count/µL; p < 0.001) were significantly elevated in the hypercholesterolemic group compared with the controls, respectively. There was a significant inverse moderate correlation between all circulating EMPs and EDV: CD31+/42−/AV+ (r = −0.36, p = 0.001), CD144+/AV+ (r = −0.37, p = 0.001) and CD62e+/AV+ (r = −0.35, p = 0.002). Conclusions: All EMPs were raised in the patients with hypercholesterolemia, and these values correlated with the established method of assessing endothelial function.

Keywords: endothelial function; hypercholesterolemia; microparticles; microvesicles; vasodilation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representative FACS plots of EMP in plasma in one patient with hypercholesterolemia (a,c,e) and from one normal control (b,d,f). An increased CD31+/42−/AV+ (a) vs. (b), CD144+/AV+ (c) vs. (d) and CD62e+/AV+ (e) vs. (f) in plasma of patient with hypercholesterolemia in contrast to normal control.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation between LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) (left), endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) (right) and the absolute count of CD31+/42−/AV+ ((a) and (b) respectively), CD144+/AV+ ((c) and (d) respectively) and CD62 e+/AV+ ((e) and (f) respectively). The number of EMPs are log transformed (log base 10).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation between endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) and LDL-cholesterol.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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