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. 2022 Jun 17;14(12):2473.
doi: 10.3390/polym14122473.

Tailoring Natural-Based Oleogels Combining Ethylcellulose and Virgin Coconut Oil

Simone S Silva  1   2 , Luísa C Rodrigues  1   2 , Emanuel M Fernandes  1   2 , Flávia C M Lobo  1   2 , Joana M Gomes  1   2 , Rui L Reis  1   2
Affiliations

Tailoring Natural-Based Oleogels Combining Ethylcellulose and Virgin Coconut Oil

Simone S Silva et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Oleogels are becoming an attractive research field, since they have recently been shown to be feasible for the food and pharmaceutical sectors and provided some insights into the biomedical area. In this work, edible oleogels were tailored through the combination of ethylcellulose (EC), a gelling agent, with virgin coconut oil (VCO), vegetable oil derived from coconut. The influence of the different EC and VCO ratios on the structural, physical, and thermal properties of the oleogels was studied. All EC/VCO-based oleogels presented a stable network with a viscoelastic nature, adequate structural stability, modulable stiffness, high oil-binding capability, antioxidant activity, and good thermal stability, evidencing the EC and VCO's good compatibility.

Keywords: 3D archictectures; ethylcellulose; oleogelation; oleogels; virgin coconut oil.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Preparation of ethylcellulose/virgin coconut oil-based oleogels.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Macroscopic visual appearance of the EC/VCO-based oleogels prepared at different EC/VCO content (A) before molding—RT (A1) and 37 °C (A2); and (B) after molding—RT (B1) and 37 °C (B2).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Viscoelastic properties of the molded EC-based (A1,B1)/VCO-based (A2,B2) oleogels in the function of the frequency, grouped according to the molding temperature: (A) RT and (B) 37 °C.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Oil binding capacity (OBC) of EC/VCO oleogels with different contents of EC and VCO, and molded setting temperature: RT and 37 °C (**** p < 0.0001 and * p < 0.05); (B) representative scheme of the possible formation of hydrogen bonds established between EC and lauric acid (VCO) molecules; (C) fatty acids quantification of the EC/VCO-based oleogels (**** p < 0.0001 and * p < 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Oil migration from the EC/VCO oleogels to the filter paper for 28 days. Temperature conditions: (A) room temperature and (B) 37 °C.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Antioxidant activity of the EC/VCO-based oleogels compared with gallic acid (**** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001 and * p < 0.05).
Figure 6
Figure 6
DSC thermograms obtained for EC/VCO oleogels using 10 °C/min−1; (a) crystallization process and (b) melting process.
Figure 6
Figure 6
DSC thermograms obtained for EC/VCO oleogels using 10 °C/min−1; (a) crystallization process and (b) melting process.
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