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. 2022 Jun 20;14(6):1339.
doi: 10.3390/v14061339.

Weight of Clinical and Social Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in People Living with HIV

Maria Mazzitelli  1   2 , Paolo Fusco  1 , Michele Brogna  3 , Alfredo Vallone  3 , Laura D'Argenio  3 , Giuseppina Beradelli  4 , Giuseppe Foti  5 , Carmelo Mangano  5 , Maria Stella Carpentieri  5 , Lucio Cosco  6 , Paolo Scerbo  6 , Armando Priamo  6 , Nicola Serrao  7 , Antonio Mastroianni  8 , Chiara Costa  1 , Maria Teresa Tassone  1 , Vincenzo Scaglione  1 , Francesca Serapide  1 , Enrico Maria Trecarichi  1 , Carlo Torti  1
Affiliations

Weight of Clinical and Social Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in People Living with HIV

Maria Mazzitelli et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

Background. Comorbidities in people living with HIV (PLWH) represent a major clinical challenge today, and metabolic syndrome (MTBS) is one of the most important. Objective. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of MTBS and the role of both clinical/socio-behavioral risk factors for MTBS in a cohort of PLWH. Methods. All PLWH, over 18 years of age, attending all Infectious Disease Units in Calabria Region (Southern Italy) for their routine checks from October 2019-January 2020 were enrolled. MTBS was defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors significantly associated with the main outcome (MTBS). Results. We enrolled 356 PLWH, mostly males (68.5%), with a mean age of 49 years (standard deviation: 12), including 98 subjects with and 258 without MTBS. At logistic regression analysis, a statistically significant association was found between MTBS and alcohol use, osteoporosis, polypharmacy, and a history of AIDS. Conclusions. Identifying and addressing risk factors, including those that are socio-behavioral or lifestyle-related, is crucial to prevent and treat MTBS. Our results suggest the importance of implementing educational/multidimensional interventions to prevent MTBS in PLWH, especially for those with particular risk factors (alcohol abuse, osteoporosis, previous AIDS events, and polypharmacy). Moreover, alcohol consumption or abuse should be routinely investigated in clinical practice.

Keywords: AIDS; HIV; PLWH; diabetes; dyslipidemia; metabolic syndrome; non-communicable diseases.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. Maria Mazzitelli was supported as a Ph.D. student by the European Commission (FESR FSE 2014–2020) and by the Calabria region (Italy). The European Commission and Calabria region cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of information contained therein. She was also supported in developing this research by the EACS mentorship program 2021 (Peter Reiss, The Netherlands). Results of this paper were presented in part during a poster session at the EACS conference 2021, in London.

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