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Review
. 2021 Oct-Dec;17(4):509-516.
doi: 10.4183/aeb.2021.509.

Relationship between Osteopontin and Bone Mineral Density

A Vancea  1 , O Serban  1 , D Fodor  1
Affiliations
Review

Relationship between Osteopontin and Bone Mineral Density

A Vancea et al. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2021 Oct-Dec.

Abstract

Recent studies suggest that osteopontin (OPN) could be used as an early marker for the diagnosis of bone disorders. Considering the contradictory opinions in the literature, the objective of this systematic review is to analyse the current information regarding the relationship between OPN and bone mineral density (BMD), which represents an important process in the development of osteoporosis. We performed a literature search of clinical trials using the PubMed database, published between 1999-2020, and identified 7 studies that were eligible for analysis. The eligibility criteria were based on studies that analysed the relationship between osteopontin and bone mineral density on human subjects. Conclusion: serum OPN levels might be used as a biomarker of the early diagnosis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, with or without osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Keywords: BMI; bone mineral density; osteopontin; osteoporotic fracture.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Osteopontin-mediated bone remodeling process. Resorption of bone is carried out mainly by osteoclasts derived from the common precursor of macrophages and osteoclasts. Osteoclast-mediated resorption of bone takes place in resorptive pits where the osteoclasts are attached through a specific α4β3 integrin to components of the bone matrix such as osteopontin. Also, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) plays an important role during several steps in the pathway and ultimately leads to fusion of osteoclast progenitor cells to form multinucleated, active osteoclasts. RANK ligand (RANKL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is expressed on the surface of osteoblast progenitors and stromal fibroblasts and binds to the RANK receptor on osteoclast progenitors, stimulating osteoclast differentiation and activation. Alternatively, a soluble decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin, can bind RANK ligand and inhibit osteoclast differentiation. There are numerous factors and cytokines (including interleukins 1, 6, and 11; TNF; and interferon γ) modulate osteoclast differentiation and function.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow chart of the literature research.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Risk of bias graph and summary.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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