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. 2022 Jun 7:13:910249.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.910249. eCollection 2022.

Breeding of Penta Null Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for Five Antinutritional and Allergenic Components of Lipoxygenase, KTI, Lectin, 7S α' Subunit, and Stachyose

Sang Woo Choi  1 , Sarath Ly  1 , Jeong Hwan Lee  1 , Hyeon Su Oh  1 , Se Yeong Kim  1 , Na Hyeon Kim  1 , Jong Ii Chung  1
Affiliations

Breeding of Penta Null Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for Five Antinutritional and Allergenic Components of Lipoxygenase, KTI, Lectin, 7S α' Subunit, and Stachyose

Sang Woo Choi et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an excellent source of protein, oil, carbohydrates and many other bioactive ingredients for humans. However, several antinutritional and allergenic components such as lipoxygenase, KTI, lectin, 7S α' subunit, and stachyose exist in the raw mature seed. Genetic removal of these components would be the best method to improve soybean food quality. The objectives of this research were to breed a new soybean line with penta null recessive alleles (lox1/lox1/lox2/lox2/lox3/lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1-rs2/rs2) for these five components and to evaluate agronomic traits for a breeding line with penta null alleles. Seven germplasms were used to breed the penta null strain. Analysis of lipoxygenase, KTI, lectin, 7S α' subunit, and stachyose components in mature seeds was conducted by SDS-PAGE, western blot, and HPLC. One breeding line with penta null recessive alleles was developed. The breeding line has purple flowers, tawny pubescence, a determinate growth habit, and light yellow pods at maturity. The seed of the breeding line has a yellow hilum and yellow seed coat color. The stem height of the breeding line was 53.0 cm. The stachyose content of the breeding line was 2.9 g/kg. The 100-seed weight of the breeding line was 31.1 g and yield (t/ha) was 2.80. This is the first soybean strain with the penta null (lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1-rs2/rs2) genotype (free of lipoxygenase, KTI, lectin, and 7S α' subunit proteins, and with low stachyose content).

Keywords: 7S α′ subunit; KTI; lectin; lipoxygenase; penta null; stachyose.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scheme for the development of penta null alleles (lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1-rs2rs2) for lipoxygenase, KTI, lectin, 7S α′ subunit and stachyose components.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Segregation of KTI (A) and lectin (B) proteins in the parents and F2 seeds. Arrows indicate the KTI protein of 21.5 kDa and lectin protein of 120 kDa. P1: lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-Ti/Ti-Le/Le-cgy1/cgy1-rs2/rs2 genotype, P2: lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1-Rs2/Rs2 genotype. +, −: presence and absence of KTI and lectin proteins.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Segregation of DNA marker based on Rs2 allele in parents and 10 F2 individual plants with the tetra null genotype (lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1). P1: lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1-Rs2/Rs2 genotype. P2: lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-Ti/Ti-Le/Le-cgy1/cgy1-rs2/rs2 genotype. F2 plant—4 and 9; rs2rs2 genotype.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Confirmation of absence of lipoxygenase (A), 7S α′ subunit (B), KTI (C), and lectin (D) proteins in mature seed of the breeding line (B) with the penta null genotype (lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1-rs2/rs2). Arrows indicate lipoxygenase protein of 97 kDa, 7S α′ subunit protein of 72 kDa, KTI protein of 21.5 kDa and lectin protein of 120 kDa. C: “Daewonkong” (Lox1Lox2Lox3/Lox1Lox2Lox3-Ti/Ti-Le/Le-Cgy1/Cgy1-Rs2/Rs2 genotype.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Appearance of F5 plants and F6 seeds possessing penta null alleles (lox1lox2lox3/lox1lox2lox3-ti/ti-le/le-cgy1/cgy1-rs2/rs2).
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