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Review
. 2022 Jul 1;32(4):364-372.
doi: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000999.

Decoding germ cell tumours for clinicians

Aiman Haider  1   2 , Clare Verrill  3   4 , Constantine Alifrangis  5   6 , Daniel Maurice Berney  7
Affiliations
Review

Decoding germ cell tumours for clinicians

Aiman Haider et al. Curr Opin Urol. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: Germ-cell tumours of the testis affect predominantly younger males aged between 15 and 40 years, with nearly 74,500 new cases estimated globally in 2020. Their rarity and the complex morphology, mean that, in nonexpert hands, there is a significant risk of misdiagnosis of both type and staging of these neoplasms.

Recent findings: There have been significant changes in the 2016 WHO classification of Testicular tumours that need to be understood by both pathologists and clinicians for streamlining management. Standardised structured reporting guidelines and discussion at the multidisciplinary-team meetings lead to subsequently better health outcomes and patient safety.

Summary: Therefore, communication with high-quality reports and understanding of clinicians of what constitutes an adequate report, is the key to ensure proper management of these patients. We attempt to discuss the key updates and pathological features that influence management and need to be communicated with clarity and precision.

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References

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    1. Oldenburg J, Berney DM, Bokemeyer C, et al. ESMO Guidelines Committee. EURACAN. Testicular seminoma and nonseminoma: ESMO-EURACAN Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:362–375.
    1. Ghosh A, Sirinukunwattana K, Khalid Alham N, et al. The Potential of Artificial Intelligence to Detect Lymphovascular Invasion in Testicular Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1325doi: 10.3390/cancers13061325. - DOI
    1. Ronchi A, Pagliuca F, Franco R. Testicular germ cell tumors: the changing role of the pathologist. Ann Transl Med 2019; 7: (Suppl 6): S204.