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. 2023 Jan;31(1):76-86.
doi: 10.1002/erv.2934. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Association of gut-specific non-inflammatory T lymphocytes with chronic anorexia nervosa and constitutional thinness

Tristan Gabriel  1 , Catherine Massoubre  2 , Mouna Hanachi  3 , Joel Doré  3 , Claude Lambert  1 , Natacha Germain  2 , Bogdan Galusca  2 , Stephane Paul  1
Affiliations

Association of gut-specific non-inflammatory T lymphocytes with chronic anorexia nervosa and constitutional thinness

Tristan Gabriel et al. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2023 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: Previous studies of AN showed low-grade inflammation. Are low-grade inflammation and circulating lymphocytes associated with chronic conditions?

Method: Peripheric blood cytokines were measured using Luminex™ technology in a chronic AN cohort (mean = 67.42 months), compared to Constitutional Thinness (CT), Constitutional Obesity (CO), and Healthy Controls (HC). Secondarily a prospective cohort of chronic AN (mean = 54.11 months) was recruited to compare the functional lymphocyte profile in blood by flow cytometry to CT and HC.

Results: In the AN group, most cytokine concentrations were lower than in CT and HC groups. The IL-23 (98.02 pg/ml) was elevated related to HC and CO, and the IL-10 (4.178 pg/ml) was elevated versus CO. In the CT group, IL-9 (0.06216 pg/ml) was elevated compared to AN. The AN group had high Treg (9.259% of CD4+ ) and CD8+ Integrinβ7+ (9.552% of CD3+ ) versus HC for lymphocyte populations. In CT group, elevated Treg (9.7% of CD4+ ) elevated percentage of CD4+ CCR9+ (5.867% of CD3+ ) and CD8+ Integrinβ7+ (10.21% of CD3+ ) were found versus HC.

Conclusions: The chronic state of AN and CT is surprisingly non-inflammatory with elevated Treg cells. These results suggest that maintaining a dysregulated response to intestinal antigens may contribute to maintaining AN.

Keywords: T lymphocytes; anorexia nervosa; cytokines; flow cytometry; inflammation.

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