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. 2022 Jun 9:67:1604589.
doi: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604589. eCollection 2022.

Functional Status, Mood State, and Physical Activity Among Women With Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Stephen J Carter  1 , Marissa N Baranauskas  1 , John S Raglin  1 , Bernice A Pescosolido  2 , Brea L Perry  2
Affiliations

Functional Status, Mood State, and Physical Activity Among Women With Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Stephen J Carter et al. Int J Public Health. .

Abstract

Objectives: While organ-specific pathophysiology has been well-described in SARS-CoV-2 infection, less is known about the attendant effects on functional status, mood state and leisure-time physical activity (PA) in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PASC). Methods: A case-control design was employed to recruit 32 women (n = 17 SARS-CoV-2; n = 15 controls) matched on age (54 ± 12 years) and body mass index (27 ± 6 kg/m2) that did not differ by smoking status or history of cardiopulmonary disease. Participants completed a series of assessments including Profile of Mood States (POMS), Modified Pulmonary Functional Status and Dyspnea Questionnaire (PFSDQ-M), and Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time PA. Results: Significant between-group differences were detected for the POMS total mood disturbance with sub-scale analyses revealing elevated tension, confusion, and lower vigor among SARS-CoV-2 participants (all p-values < 0.05). The number of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms (e.g., loss of taste/smell, muscle aches etc.) were associated (r = 0.620, p = 0.008) with confusion. SARS-CoV-2 participants exhibited poorer functional status (p = 0.008) and reduced leisure-time PA (p = 0.004) compared to controls. Conclusion: The sequela of persistent SARS-CoV-2 symptoms elicit clear disturbances in functional status, mood state, and leisure-time PA among women with PASC. Ongoing symptom presentation affects recovery time-course and PA participation.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; functional capacity; long COVID; mental health; profile of mood states.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Symptoms reported by SARS-CoV-2 participants (Bloomington, IN, United States, 2022). Footnote: The duration (days) and frequency (%) of symptoms reported after illness onset. Note the protracted duration in cough and joint/muscle aches.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Profile of Mood States (POMS) sub-scale T-scores between SARS-CoV-2 and control participants (Bloomington, IN, United States, 2022). Footnote: *p < 0.05. ***p < 0.001. Means and 95% confidence intervals. Tension: SARS-CoV-2, 52.0 (47.9–57.0) vs. controls, 44.2 (41.6–46.8); Vigor: SARS-CoV-2, 44.4 (39.2–49.1) vs. controls, 51.4 (47.3–55.5); Confusion: SARS-CoV-2, 51.7 (48.0–56.3) vs. controls, 44.0 (41.9–46.6).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
(A) Unadjusted scatterplot between number of symptoms reported after illness onset and confusion T-score (Bloomington, IN, United States, 2022). (B) unadjusted scatterplot between functional status and number of days experiencing loss of taste/smell (Bloomington, IN, United States, 2022).
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