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Review
. 2022 Sep;159(2):333-346.
doi: 10.1007/s11060-022-04068-7. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Machine learning in neuro-oncology: toward novel development fields

Vincenzo Di Nunno  1 , Mario Fordellone  2 , Giuseppe Minniti  3   4 , Sofia Asioli  5   6 , Alfredo Conti  5   7 , Diego Mazzatenta  5   6 , Damiano Balestrini  8 , Paolo Chiodini  2 , Raffaele Agati  9 , Caterina Tonon  10   11 , Alicia Tosoni  12 , Lidia Gatto  1 , Stefania Bartolini  12 , Raffaele Lodi  10   11 , Enrico Franceschi  13
Affiliations
Review

Machine learning in neuro-oncology: toward novel development fields

Vincenzo Di Nunno et al. J Neurooncol. 2022 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose: Artificial Intelligence (AI) involves several and different techniques able to elaborate a large amount of data responding to a specific planned outcome. There are several possible applications of this technology in neuro-oncology.

Methods: We reviewed, according to PRISMA guidelines, available studies adopting AI in different fields of neuro-oncology including neuro-radiology, pathology, surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic treatments.

Results: Neuro-radiology presented the major number of studies assessing AI. However, this technology is being successfully tested also in other operative settings including surgery and radiation therapy. In this context, AI shows to significantly reduce resources and costs maintaining an elevated qualitative standard. Pathological diagnosis and development of novel systemic treatments are other two fields in which AI showed promising preliminary data.

Conclusion: It is likely that AI will be quickly included in some aspects of daily clinical practice. Possible applications of these techniques are impressive and cover all aspects of neuro-oncology.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Brain tumors; Central nervous system malignancies; Deep learning; Machine learning.

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