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. 2022 Jun 21;9(1):100035.
doi: 10.1016/j.acpath.2022.100035. eCollection 2022.

Educational case: Osteoarthritis

Jonathan Light  1 , Harrison Klause  2 , Richard M Conran  3
Affiliations

Educational case: Osteoarthritis

Jonathan Light et al. Acad Pathol. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Adults; Arthritis; Musculoskeletal; Organ system pathology; Osteoarthritis; Pathology competencies; Rheumatoid arthritis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of the article.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Ultrasound of the knee. A. The scan shows joint margin destruction (arrow) suggestive of osteoarthritic change. The patient's knee is in the flexed position and the probe in the transverse approach. B. The scan is from a different patient that demonstrates the normal femoral cartilage (anechoic-dark) contour with uniform thickness for comparison. The patient's knee is in the flexed position and the probe in the transverse approach.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Right hand rheumatoid arthritis: Conventional anteroposterior (AP) radiograph of the right hand demonstrates advanced findings of rheumatoid arthritis characterized in this case by ankylosis of the carpal bones, juxta-articular osteoporosis, marked erosions, and subchondral cysts (arrow) along the radiocarpal, ulnocarpal, first carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints with relative sparing of the distal interphalangeal joints.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Right hand osteoarthritis: Oblique radiograph of the right hand demonstrates degenerative osteoarthritis characterized by marginal osteophyte formation, joint space narrowing, and subchondral sclerosis in a distribution involving the first carpometacarpal joint, proximal, and distal interphalangeal joints, most conspicuous at the first interphalangeal, second (arrow), and third distal phalangeal joints.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Right knee osteoarthritis: Oblique (A) and lateral (B) radiographs of the right knee demonstrate advanced tricompartmental osteoarthritis, characterized by marked joint space narrowing and osteophyte formation, most conspicuous in the medial and patellofemoral compartments (arrow).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Lateral radiograph of the lumbar spine demonstrates multilevel degenerative changes of the thoracolumbar spine, characterized by disc space narrowing and end-plate osteophyte formation, most conspicuously evident at T12-L1 (arrow), as well as facet arthropathy at the lower lumbar spine (arrow) with associated retrolisthesis.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Rheumatoid arthritis. The hyperplastic synovium shows numerous finger-like villous projection that replaced the joint space.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Rheumatoid arthritis. The synovium shows hyperplasia with villous formation (arrows). Lymphoid aggregates are seen in the villi (arrowheads) (H&E, low magnification).
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Section of vertebral column from a patient with osteoarthritis. Notice the intervertebral disc in the center of the image (∗) shows severe degenerative changes (Masson, low magnification).
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Osteoarthritis. The gross image of the femoral head demonstrates erosion of the articular surface (arrowhead) with subchondral cyst (red arrow).
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Fragmented articular surface in osteoarthritis. The articular surface of bone in this image shows fragmentation of the articular surface, referred to as “fibrillation."
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Low-power photograph showing fragmentation of the articular cartilage. Small fragments of cartilage may become detached and form loose bodies (“joint mice”) within the joint space (arrowheads).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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