JMC declares a grant to institution from the US National Heart Lung and Blood Institute for the ACTIV-4B trial; research funding to the institution from CSL Behring; consulting fees from Abbott, Alnylam, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Pfizer; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Sanofi and Roche; and participation on data safety monitoring boards or advisory boards for Sanofi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Anthos, Abbott, Takeda, and Werfen. PMR declares a grant from the US National Heart Lung and Blood Institute for the ACTIV-4B trial; has received research grant support from Novartis, Kowa, Amarin, Pfizer, Esperion, and the NHLBI; has served as a consultant to Novartis, Flame, Agepha, AstraZeneca, Jannsen, Civi Biopharm, Glaxo Smith Kline, SOCAR, Novo Nordisk, Uptton, Omeicos, Health Outlook, Montai Health, New Amsterdam, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Angiowave, RTI, Horizon Therapeutics, and Cardio Therapeutics; and receives compensation for service on the Peter Munk Advisory Board (University of Toronto), the Leducq Foundation, Paris Fance, and the Baim Institute (Boston, MA).