The extra-osseous odontogenic keratocyst: An anachronism?

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to review the literature on extra-osseous odontogenic keratocysts, and to present the best possible approach to these lesions.

Material and methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using the strategy: (keratocyst) and (soft tissue)). A total of 25 articles were included, 20 reported on extra-osseous odontogenic keratocysts in the soft tissues of the mouth and 17 presented as gingiva cysts.

Discussion: Almost all articles were published in the last 20 years and 16 even in the last 10 years. Extra-osseus odontogenic keratocysts are usually found in the cheek or present as gingiva cysts of adults. Muscle abutment of the cheek lesions is common but infiltration of muscles has also been reported.

Conclusion: In almost none of the reported cases was a preoperative diagnosis available. Based on the clinical presentation and available laboratory tests it is suggested to always do an aspiration biopsy to ascertain the diagnosis preoperatively. This is particularly relevant for those who appear in the soft tissues of the mouth.

Keywords: Aspiration biopsy; Extra-osseous keratocyst; Gingiva cysts.