Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Observational Study
. 2022 Jul 1;19(13):8079.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19138079.

Prevalence of Congenital Anomaly and Its Relationship with Maternal Education and Age According to Local Development in the Extreme South of Brazil

Carolina Ribeiro Anele  1 , Marcelo Zubaran Goldani  1   2   3 , Lavínia Schüler-Faccini  1   4   5 , Clécio Homrich da Silva  1   2   3
Affiliations
Observational Study

Prevalence of Congenital Anomaly and Its Relationship with Maternal Education and Age According to Local Development in the Extreme South of Brazil

Carolina Ribeiro Anele et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Congenital anomalies (CA) contribute to disabilities and health conditions throughout life. Furthermore, they can cause emotional distress to the mothers and children, who may also experience limitations in individual and social development. This study investigated the prevalence of CA and the relationship with maternal education and age according to local development in the extreme south of Brazil. This is a retrospective observational study with birth data from the Live Birth Information System from 2000 to 2017. The association between age and maternal education with the presence of CA was verified using multiple Poisson regression for robust variances in models adjusted for those variables with a preliminary significant association. A total of 5131 (1.5%) had some CA identified at birth between 2000 and 2017. Only advanced age (≥36 years) was associated with CA regardless of macro-region development (p ≤ 0.001). The highest risk was observed in regions with medium development (RR = 1.60; 95% CI 1.30−1.97). Maternal education (<8 years of study) was associated with CA only in mothers from macro-regions with very high development (RR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.03−1.54). These analyses confirmed that women of advanced age are at greater risk of having children with a CA regardless of maternal education and local development, but social characteristics can also have an influence, as regions with higher development had lower prevalence of CA.

Keywords: congenital abnormalities; educational status; fetal diseases; health inequities; maternal age; social conditions; vital statistics.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Prevalence of congenital anomaly per year among newborns in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, from 2000 to 2017 and model adjust (Bayesian criterion). Numerator: total number of newborns identified with CA. Denominator: total live births in the same year.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of congenital anomaly per year among newborns according to the local development (MHDI classification) in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, from 2000 to 2017. Numerator: total number of newborns identified with CA. Denominator: total live births in the same year.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. World Health Organization . Birth Defects Surveillance Training: Facilitator’s Guide. World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland: 2016.
    1. Boyle B., Addor M.C., Arriola L., Barisic I., Bianchi F., Csáky-Szunyogh M., de Walle H.E.K., Dias C.M., Draper E., Gatt M., et al. Estimating Global Burden of Disease due to congenital anomaly: An analysis of European data. Arch. Dis. Child.-Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2018;103:F22–F28. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-311845. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lee K.S., Choi Y.J., Cho J., Lee H., Park S.J., Park J.S., Hong Y.C. Environmental and Genetic Risk Factors of Congenital Anomalies: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. J. Korean Med. Sci. 2021;36:e183. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e183. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mendes I.C., Jesuino R.S.A., Pinheiro D.D.S., Rebelo A.C.S. Anomalias congênitas e suas principais causas evitáveis: Uma revisão. Rev. Méd. Minas Gerais. 2018;28:1–6.
    1. Tsehay B., Shitie D., Lake A., Abebaw E., Taye A., Essa E. Determinants and seasonality of major structural birth defects among newborns delivered at primary and referral hospital of East and West Gojjam zones, Northwest Ethiopia 2017–2018: Case-control study. BMC Res. Notes. 2019;12:495. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4541-4. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources