Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Jul 4;15(13):4682.
doi: 10.3390/ma15134682.

Electrical Methods for Sensing Damage in Cement Mortar Beams Combined with Acoustic Emissions

Andronikos Loukidis  1 , Ilias Stavrakas  1 , Dimos Triantis  1
Affiliations

Electrical Methods for Sensing Damage in Cement Mortar Beams Combined with Acoustic Emissions

Andronikos Loukidis et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

The temporal variation in terms of the "time-to-failure" parameter of the recordings of the electrical resistance and the acoustic emissions from concurrent measurements in three cement mortar specimens of prismatic shape that were subjected to a three-point bending test until fracture are studied. The novelty of the work at hand lies in the demonstration that the electrical resistance is described by a power law during the last stages of the loading protocols. The onset of the validity of the power law is indicative of the specimens' imminent fracture, thus providing a useful pre-failure indicator. The above findings are supported by the analysis of the recorded acoustic signals in terms of the F-function and the Ib-value formulations.

Keywords: acoustic emissions; cement mortar; criticality; electrical resistivity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The experimental setup for the concurrent recordings of the electrical resistance and the AEs during the presented 3PB tests.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) The temporal evolution of the electrical resistance (R) in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR1; (b) the respective temporal evolution of the recorded electrical resistance (R) in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The temporal evolution of AE amplitudes in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR01 in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The temporal evolution of the Ib-value in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR1 in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The temporal evolution of the F-function in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR1 in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) The temporal evolution of the electrical resistance (R) in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR2; (b) the respective temporal evolution of the recorded electrical resistance (R) in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The temporal evolution of AE amplitudes in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR2 in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The temporal evolution of the Ib-value in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR02 in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The temporal evolution of the F-function in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-LR2 in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a) The temporal evolution of the electrical resistance (R) in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-HR; (b) the respective temporal evolution of the recorded electrical resistance (R) in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 11
Figure 11
The temporal evolution of the AE amplitudes in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-HR in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 12
Figure 12
The temporal evolution of the Ib-value in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-HR in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 13
Figure 13
The temporal evolution of the F-function in juxtaposition to the load applied for the experiment Exp-HR in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Comparative presentation of the temporal evolution of the Ib-values in juxtaposition to the load applied for the all the experiments in terms of the “time-to-failure” parameter.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Grosse C., Ohtsu M. In: Acoustic Emission Testing. Grosse C.U., Ohtsu M., editors. Springer-Verlag; Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: 2008.
    1. Ohtsu M. The history and development of acoustic emission in concrete engineering. Mag. Concr. Res. 1996;48:321–330. doi: 10.1680/macr.1996.48.177.321. - DOI
    1. Behnia A., Chai H.K., Shiotani T. Advanced structural health monitoring of concrete structures with the aid of acoustic emission. Constr. Build. Mater. 2014;65:282–302. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.103. - DOI
    1. Hadjicontis V., Mavromatou C., Ninos D. Stress induced polarization currents and electromagnetic emission from rocks and ionic crystals, accompanying their deformation. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 2004;4:633–639. doi: 10.5194/nhess-4-633-2004. - DOI
    1. Carpinteri A., Lacidogna G., Borla O., Manuello A., Niccolini G. Electromagnetic and neutron emissions from brittle rocks failure: Experimental evidence and geological implications. Sadhana. 2012;37:59–78. doi: 10.1007/s12046-012-0066-4. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources