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Review
. 2022 Jun 23;11(13):3639.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11133639.

High Definition Three-Dimensional Exoscope (VITOM 3D) in E.N.T. Surgery: A Systematic Review of Current Experience

Salvatore Ferlito  1 , Ignazio La Mantia  1 , Sebastiano Caruso  1 , Giovanni Cammaroto  2 , Carlos Miguel Chiesa-Estomba  3 , Giannicola Iannella  4 , Francesco Nocera  1 , Angelo Ingrassia  1 , Salvatore Cocuzza  1 , Claudio Vicini  2 , Stephane Hans  5 , Jerome Rene Lechien  5   6   7 , Antonino Maniaci  1
Affiliations
Review

High Definition Three-Dimensional Exoscope (VITOM 3D) in E.N.T. Surgery: A Systematic Review of Current Experience

Salvatore Ferlito et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Over the last decade, technological growth has developed new devices for more precise surgery based on improved maneuverability, minimally invasive approaches, and magnification of the operating field. In this context, the exoscope has opened a new phase for more accurate and safer microsurgery, improving the perception of the volume of objects and the depth of structures for planning, targeting, and controlling fine movements. The exoscope could be used for middle ear, transcanal, transmastoid, and craniotomy procedures that require two-handed dissection, both to perform both totally VITOM-based techniques and coupled to traditional procedures with an operating microscope or endoscope. In addition, the VITOM 3D system allows the surgeon to work with high-definition images, which is essential in facial nerve surgery or submandibular salivary stone or tear surgery approaches, where magnification plays a fundamental role in surgical success and in reducing operating times. The 3D exoscope approach could also be included in traditional transoral procedures for oropharyngeal carcinoma. The exoscope may provide a relevant approach in teaching surgeons and nurses, allowing adequate training in non-oncological surgical procedures such as a tonsillectomy or lateral pharyngoplasty.

Keywords: 3D; E.N.T. micro-surgery; exoscope; head and neck oncology; microscope.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram explaining studies’ selection process. * PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of Bias summary of authors’ judgments for each study, assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (J.B.I.) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case-Control studies [1,2,4,5,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of Bias summary of authors’ judgments for each study, assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (J.B.I.) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case-Control studies [1,2,4,5,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flow diagram representing the main applications of exoscope-based surgery.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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