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. 2022 Jul 5;11(13):1779.
doi: 10.3390/plants11131779.

Deciphering the Genetic Inheritance of Tocopherols in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

Vijay Kamal Meena  1 , Yashpal Taak  1 , Rajat Chaudhary  1 , Subhash Chand  1 , Manoj Kumar Patel  1 , Vignesh Muthusamy  1 , Sangita Yadav  2 , Navinder Saini  1 , Sujata Vasudev  1 , Devendra Kumar Yadava  1
Affiliations

Deciphering the Genetic Inheritance of Tocopherols in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

Vijay Kamal Meena et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Tocopherol is vital for the nutritional value and stability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss) oil; nonetheless, the lack of information on genetic control is hampering its improvement. In this study, six populations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1, and BC1P2) of RLC3 × NPJ203 were evaluated in a family block design to evaluate the inheritance pattern, gene effects, and various other genetic parameters of tocopherol content (α, γ, and total), using generation mean analysis. The comparison of direct and reciprocal crosses indicated that the tocopherol content was not influenced by maternal inheritance. Negative directional heterosis showed that ATC, GTC, and TTC are governed by recessive genes. Potence ratio and degree of dominance highlighted an over-dominance type of gene interaction for GTC and TTC, whereas ATC was governed by epistatic interactions. Furthermore, the six-parameter model revealed a duplicate gene action for α-tocopherol content. Broad and narrow sense heritability coupled with genetic advances were high.

Keywords: Indian mustard; epistatic interaction; generation mean analysis; inheritance; seed oil; tocopherols.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mean comparison of tocopherol content in various populations developed by crossing between RLC3 and NPJ203 in both directions. Mean comparison of six generations of the direct cross for ATC (A), GTC (B), and TTC (C). Mean comparison of F1s of the direct (F1_D) and reciprocal (F1_R) crosses for ATC (D), GTC (E), and TTC (F). Mean comparison of F2 population of direct (F2_D) and reciprocal (F2_R) cross for ATC (G), GTC (H), and TTC (I). * Significant at 5% level of significance (p < 0.05); ** highly significant at 1% level of significance (p < 0.01); **** highly significant (p < 0.0001); ns, non-significant difference.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Frequency distribution of tocopherol content of different forms in the F2 population developed by RLC3 × NPJ203. Skewed frequency distribution was observed for ATC (A), whereas there was a near-normal distribution for GTC (B) and TTC (C).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Heterosis and inbreeding depression for all forms of tocopherol content. Mid-parental heterosis (MP), high-parental heterosis (HP), and inbreeding depression (ID) for contents of different tocopherol forms were in the negative direction, suggesting that these traits are governed by recessive genes.
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