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. 2022 Aug;18(31):e2201563.
doi: 10.1002/smll.202201563. Epub 2022 Jul 10.

Zinc-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors Employing Acetate-Based Water-in-Salt Electrolytes

Jin Han  1   2 , Alessandro Mariani  1   2 , Maider Zarrabeitia  1   2 , Zenonas Jusys  3   4 , R Jürgen Behm  1   3   4 , Alberto Varzi  1   2 , Stefano Passerini  1   2
Affiliations

Zinc-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors Employing Acetate-Based Water-in-Salt Electrolytes

Jin Han et al. Small. 2022 Aug.

Abstract

Halide-free, water-in-salt electrolytes (WiSEs) composed of potassium acetate (KAc) and zinc acetate (ZnAc2 ) are investigated as electrolytes in zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSs). Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that water molecules are mostly non-interacting with each other in the highly concentrated WiSEs, while "bulk-like water" regions are present in the dilute electrolyte. Among the various concentrated electrolytes investigated, the 30 m KAc and 1 m ZnAc2 electrolyte (30K1Zn) grants the best performance in terms of reversibility and stability of Zn plating/stripping while the less concentrated electrolyte cannot suppress corrosion of Zn and hydrogen evolution. The ZHSs utilizing 30K1Zn, in combination with a commercial activated carbon (AC) positive electrode and Zn as the negative electrode, deliver a capacity of 65 mAh g-1 (based on the AC weight) at a current density of 5 A g-1 . They also offer an excellent capacity retention over 10 000 cycles and an impressive coulombic efficiency (≈100%).

Keywords: acetate; anode; hybrid supercapacitors; water-in-salt electrolytes; zinc.

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