The outcome of surgical mitral valve repair with loop-in-loop technique in dogs with different stage myxomatous mitral valve disease

Abstract

Objectives: Surgical mitral valve repair is a possible option for dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. However, information on surgical results and postoperative echocardiography is limited. This study aimed to verify the stage-specific surgical results of mitral valve repair and postoperative echocardiographic changes for two years following surgery.

Animals: Adult dogs (n = 55) treated with surgical mitral valve repair using the loop-in-loop technique were included in this study. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Ninety percent of cases (50/55) survived to discharge, which survival was significantly decreased in myxomatous mitral valve disease advanced-stage dogs, Stage B2 (n = 14): 100%, Stage C (n = 27): 96.2%, and Stage D (n = 14): 71.4%. Significant reductions of overall heart size (vertebral heart score: preoperative 11.4 vs. post one month 10.2, P < 0.001), left atrium (left atrium to aortic root ratio: preoperative 2.3 vs. post one month 1.5, P < 0.001) and left ventricle (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [normalized for bodyweight]: preoperative 2.2 vs. post one month 1.5, P < 0.001) were documented one month after surgery, showing successful management of mitral regurgitation. All medications for mitral valve disease were discontinued three months after surgery. The recurrence of mitral regurgitation was not evident during the two-year follow-up period.

Conclusions: Surgical mitral valve repair with the loop-in-loop technique is associated with significant decreases in indices of cardiac size at one-month post-repair. Disease stage influences operative survival after surgical mitral valve repair.

Keywords: Degenerative mitral valve disease; Mitral regurgitation; Surgical technique.