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. 2022 Jun 22:16:893239.
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.893239. eCollection 2022.

Dissociation in Neural Correlates of Hyperactive/Impulsive vs. Inattentive Symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Yu Luo  1   2 , Jack H Adamek  1 , Deana Crocetti  1 , Stewart H Mostofsky  1   3   4 , Joshua B Ewen  1   3
Affiliations

Dissociation in Neural Correlates of Hyperactive/Impulsive vs. Inattentive Symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Yu Luo et al. Front Neurosci. .

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders characterized in current diagnostic criteria by two dominant symptoms, inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Here, we show that task-related alpha (8-12 Hz) interhemispheric connectivity changes, as assessed during a unimanual finger-tapping task, is correlated with inattentive symptom severity (r = 0.55, p = 0.01) but not with severity of hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. Prior published analyses of the same dataset have already show that alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the hemisphere contralateral to unimanual tapping is related to hyperactive/impulsive symptom severity (r = 0.43, p = 0.04) but not to inattentive symptom severity. Our findings demonstrate a neurobiological dissociation in ADHD symptom severity, with implications for understanding the structure of endophenotypes in the disorder as well as for biomarker development.

Keywords: ADHD hyperactivity/impulsivity; ADHD inattention; event-related desynchronization; interhemispheric connectivity; motor execution.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
EEG analysis pipeline. EEG signals were recorded during finger-tapping task, and EEG analysis included preprocessing, EEG source imaging, ERD calculation and functional connectivity computation.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Correlations between task-related interhemispheric functional connectivity modulation in alpha and contralateral ERD in children with ADHD TD controls. Children with ADHD showed a significant association between functional connectivity modulation and ERD, whereas controls did not.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Correlations between interhemispheric functional connectivity modulation in alpha and Conners ADHD inattentive and H/I symptoms in children with ADHD and TD controls. Children with ADHD showed an association between inattentive symptom severity and task-related modulation of connectivity, whereas the TD cohort did not.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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