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. 2022 Jun 23:13:866674.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.866674. eCollection 2022.

Changes in Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Dutch Veal Calves by Clonal Spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Teresita D J Bello Gonzalez  1 , Arie Kant  1 , Quillan Dijkstra  1 , Francesca Marcato  2 , Kees van Reenen  2 , Kees T Veldman  1 , Michael S M Brouwer  1
Affiliations

Changes in Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Enterobacterales in Dutch Veal Calves by Clonal Spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Teresita D J Bello Gonzalez et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the changes in fecal carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) in a single Dutch veal calves. During the rearing period at the Dutch veal farm, a decrease in fecal carriage of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli isolates was observed after 2 weeks at the veal farm, while an increase of cefotaxime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was demonstrated. E. coli and K. pneumoniae were isolated from rectal swabs collected from 110 veal calves in week 2, 6, 10, 18, and 24 after their arrival at the farm. ESBL-PE isolates were selectively cultured and identified by MALDI-TOF. ESBL genes were characterized by RT-PCR, PCRs, and amplicon sequencing. A total of 80 E. coli and 174 K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from 104 out of 110 veal calves. The prevalence of ESBL-E. coli decreased from week 2 (61%) to week 6 (7%), while an unexpected increase in ESBL-K. pneumoniae colonization was detected in week 6 (80%). The predominant ESBL genes detected in E. coli isolates were bla CTX-M-15 and the non-ESBL gene bla TEM-1a, while in K. pneumoniae bla CTX-M-14 gene was detected in all isolates. Four cefotaxime-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were randomly selected and characterized in deep by transformation, PCR-based replicon typing, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The clonal relatedness of a subgroup of nine animals carrying K. pneumoniae ESBL genes was investigated by Multi Locus sequence typing (MLST). In four ESBL-K. pneumoniae isolates, bla CTX-M-14 was located on IncFIIK and IncFIINK plasmid replicons and the isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR). MLST demonstrated a clonal spread of ESBL-K. pneumoniae ST107. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report a change in fecal carriage of ESBL-PE over time in the same veal calf during the rearing period.

Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; clonal spread; extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales; fecal carriage; veal calves.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Percentage of animals colonized by cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates recovered over time during the rearing period at the veal farm from week 2 after arrival of calves at the veal farm until week 24.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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