Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Apr 7;23(1):66-76.
doi: 10.2174/1389202923666220203104340.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Flower Senescence of Camellia lutchuensis

Weixin Liu  1   2 , Hengfu Yin  1   2 , Yi Feng  1   2 , Suhang Yu  1   2 , Zhengqi Fan  1   2 , Xinlei Li  1   2 , Jiyuan Li  1   2
Affiliations

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Flower Senescence of Camellia lutchuensis

Weixin Liu et al. Curr Genomics. .

Abstract

Background: Flower senescence is the last stage of flower development and affects the ornamental and economic value of flower plants. There is still less known on flower senescence of the ornamental plant Camellia lutchuensis, a precious species of Camellia with significant commercial application value.

Methods: Transcriptome sequencing was used to investigate the flower senescence in five developmental stages of C. lutchuensis.

Results: By Illumina HiSeq sequencing, we generated approximately 101.16 Gb clean data and 46649 differentially expressed unigenes. Based on the different expression pattern, differentially expressed unigenes were classified into 10 Sub Class. And Sub Class 9 including 8252 unigenes, was highly expressed in the flower senescent stage, suggesting it had a potential regulatory relationship of flower senescence. First, we found that ethylene biosynthesis genes ACSs, ACOs, receptor ETR genes and signaling genes EINs, ERFs all upregulated during flower senescence, suggesting ethylene might play a key role in the flower senescence of C. lutchuensis. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production related genes peroxidase (POD), lipase (LIP), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), and ROS scavenging related genes glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were induced in senescent stage, suggesting ROS might be involved in the flower senescence. Besides, the expression of monoterpenoid and isoflavonoid biosynthesis genes, transcription factors (WRKY, NAC, MYB and C2H2 ), senescence-associated gene SAG20 also were increased during flower senescence.

Conclusion: In C. lutchuensis, ethylene pathway might be the key to regulate flower senescence, and ROS signal might play a role in the flower senescence.

Keywords: Camellia lutchuensis; differentially expressed genes; ethylene; flower senescence; reactive oxygen species; transcriptome.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
Validation of the RNAseq results by qRT-PCR. FPKM, fragments per kb per million fragments, is the abundance of genes determined from the transcriptome library sequencing data. S1 represents early bud stage, S2 represents late bud stage, S3 represents half opening stage, S4 represents complete opening stage, S5 represents senescent stage.
Fig. (2)
Fig. (2)
K-means clustering analysis. The abscissa represents the samples of different development stages, and the ordinate represents the centralized and standardized expression. (A higher resolution / colour version of this figure is available in the electronic copy of the article).
Fig. (3)
Fig. (3)
Heat map of ethylene-related genes from RNA-seq data. (A higher resolution / colour version of this figure is available in the electronic copy of the article).
Fig. (4)
Fig. (4)
Heat map of biosynthesis related genes of secondary metabolites from RNA-seq data. (A) biosynthesis related genes of monoterpenoid, (B) biosynthesis related genes of isoflavonoid. (A higher resolution / colour version of this figure is available in the electronic copy of the article).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Yang C.P., Xia Z.Q., Hu J., Zhuang Y.F., Pan Y.W., Liu J.P. Transcriptome analysis of Oncidium petals provides new insights into the initiation of petal senescence. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 2018;94(1):12–23. doi: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1432297. - DOI
    1. Tsanakas G.F., Manioudaki M.E., Economou A.S., Kalaitzis P. De novo transcriptome analysis of petal senescence in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. BMC Genomics. 2014;15:554. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-554. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Skutnik E., Łukaszewska A., Rabiza-Świder J. Effects of postharvest treatments with nanosilver on senescence of cut lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) flowers. Agronomy (Basel) 2021;11(2):215. doi: 10.3390/agronomy11020215. - DOI
    1. Wu L., Ma N., Jia Y., Zhang Y., Feng M., Jiang C.Z., Ma C., Gao J. An ethylene-induced regulatory module delays flower senescence by regulating cytokinin content. Plant Physiol. 2017;173(1):853–862. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.01064. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Tan Y., Liu J., Huang F., Guan J., Zhong S., Tang N., Zhao J., Yang W., Yu Y. PhGRL2 protein, interacting with PhACO1, is involved in flower senescence in the petunia. Mol. Plant. 2014;7(8):1384–1387. doi: 10.1093/mp/ssu024. - DOI - PubMed