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. 2022 Jul 15;12(1):12138.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16246-8.

High gain DC/DC converter with continuous input current for renewable energy applications

Arafa S Mansour  1 , Al-Hassan H Amer  2 , Elwy E El-Kholy  2 , Mohamed S Zaky  3
Affiliations

High gain DC/DC converter with continuous input current for renewable energy applications

Arafa S Mansour et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

In this paper, a new design of a non-isolated high-voltage gain DC/DC converter that operates at a reasonable duty cycle, by merging the dual boost converter with the switched inductor structure, is presented as a solution for the high-conversion ratio requirement. The proposed converter operates in discontinuous-current mode (DCM) with zero current switching for all switches and diodes. Wide duty cycle range operation, high output voltage gain, low switching stress, small switching losses, and high efficiency are achieved efficiently. Operating the converter in DCM can support a wide range of the duty cycle operation, maintain lower voltage stress of all devices, ensure the same current sharing among inductors, make it easy to control, provide more stability, and require a smaller inductor which reduces size and weight of the proposed converter. Moreover, the converter operates with a continuous input current. These features make the converter a good choice for many applications such as photovoltaic, x-ray, fuel cells, etc. To prove the converter's effectiveness, theoretical analysis, project specifications, and operation principles are presented and studied. Experimental results in an open and closed-loop, and a comparison with other recent converters are also introduced to confirm the validity of the proposed converter.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Proposed DC/DC converter.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Operating modes of proposed converter. (a) Operating mode 1. (b) Operating mode 2. (c) Operating mode 3. (d) Operating mode 4.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Operating waveforms of the proposed converter at D = 0.4.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Equivalent model for the proposed circuit with parasitic elements.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Experimental set up of the proposed converter.
Figure 6
Figure 6
A schematic diagram of the experimental system.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Experimental waveforms of the proposed converter. Part I. (a) Gate signals of switches, (b) Input voltage, Vs, (c) Output voltage, Vo, (d) Input current, Is, (e) Voltage of capacitor C1, and (f) Voltage of capacitor C2.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Experimental waveforms of the proposed converter. Part II. (a) Voltage–Current of switch SW1, and (b) Voltage–Current of switch SW2.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Experimental waveforms of the proposed converter. Part III. (a) Voltage–Current of diode D1, (b) Voltage–Current of diode D2, (c) Voltage–Current of diode D3, (d) Voltage–Current of diode D4, (e) Voltage–Current of diode D5, (f) Voltage–Current of diode D6, (g) Voltage–Current of diode D7, and (f) Voltage–Current of diode D8.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Experimental waveforms of the proposed converter. Part IV. (a) Voltage–Current of inductor L1, (b) Voltage–Current of inductor L2, (c) Voltage–Current of inductor L3, and (d) Voltage–Current of inductor L4.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Experimental measured efficiency of the proposed converter.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Voltage gain versus duty cycle of the proposed converter.
Figure 13
Figure 13
A schematic diagram of the control circuit used.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Experimental step change (increase/decrease) in reference voltage.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Experimental response to step increasing in input voltage.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Experimental response to step decreasing in input voltage.
Figure 17
Figure 17
Experimental response to step change (increase/decrease) in load value.
Figure 18
Figure 18
Voltage gain comparison.
Figure 19
Figure 19
Switch voltage stress comparison.
Figure 20
Figure 20
Capacitor voltage stress comparison.
Figure 21
Figure 21
Output diode voltage stress comparison.
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