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Review
. 2022 May;29(5):3338-3346.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.009. Epub 2022 Feb 10.

The use of patient-specific stem cells in different autoimmune diseases

Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh  1
Affiliations
Review

The use of patient-specific stem cells in different autoimmune diseases

Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022 May.

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases are developed when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's cells. These inflammatory disorders can be inherited or triggered by external forces, such as type 1 diabetes, which is caused by the immune system's destruction of pancreatic beta cells. So far, stem cells such as hESC and iPSC have been used to treat autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), although these procedures have certain ethical concerns. On the other hand, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) are thought to be the best source of stem cells. Later, it was shown that mesenchymal stem cells produced from autologous adipose tissues have a great potential for producing huge volumes of stem cells. In-vitro and in-vivo investigations using autologous hematopoietic stem cells and autologous mesenchymal stem cells have been carried out on various rodent and human models, while clinical trials for inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis and diabetes mellitus have yielded promising results. We attempted to summarise the usage of diverse stem cells in the therapy of various autoimmune disorders in this review. Shortly, we expect that the use of autologous stem cells will provide a new perspective on the treatment of autoimmune disorders.

Keywords: Autoimmune diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Multiple Sclerosis; Rheumatoid Arthritis; Stem Cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Differentiation potential of Stem cells into pancreatic beta cells via various endogenic stimuli.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Schematic representation of SCNT based ESCs isolation and its use in DM.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Classification of Stem cells from different sources based on their potency.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Further Reading

    1. Alchi B., Jayne D., Labopin M., Kotova O., Sergeevicheva V., Alexander T., Gualandi F., Gruhn B., Ouyang J., Rzepecki P., Held G., Sampol A., Voswinkel J., Ljungman P., Fassas A., Badoglio M., Saccardi R., Farge D. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus: data from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. Lupus. 2013;22(3):245–253. - PubMed
    1. Burt R.K., Burns W., Hess A. Bone marrow transplantation for multiple sclerosis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1995;1995(16):1–6. - PubMed
    1. Connick P., Kolappan M., Crawley C., Webber D.J., Patani R., Michell A.W., Du M.-Q., Luan S.-L., Altmann D.R., Thompson A.J., Compston A., Scott M.A., Miller D.H., Chandran S. Autologous mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: an open-label phase 2a proof-of-concept study. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(2):150–156. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ikehara S. Stem cell transplantation for autoimmune diseases: what can we learn from experimental models? Autoimmunity. 2008;41(8):563–569. - PubMed
    1. Karussis D.M., Slavin S., Lehmann D., Mizrachi-Koll R., Adamsky O., Ben-Nun A. Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and induction of tolerance with acute immunosuppression followed by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. J. Immunol. 1992;148:1693–1698. - PubMed

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