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Review
. 2022 Jun 29:9:943911.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.943911. eCollection 2022.

The Biological Activity Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Applications in Food Industry: A Review

Liang Wang  1 , Xiaoqi Pan  1 , Lishi Jiang  1 , Yu Chu  1 , Song Gao  1 , Xingyue Jiang  1 , Yuhui Zhang  1 , Yan Chen  1   2   3 , Shajie Luo  4 , Cheng Peng  2   3
Affiliations
Review

The Biological Activity Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Applications in Food Industry: A Review

Liang Wang et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

Chlorogenic acid (CGA), also known as coffee tannic acid and 3-caffeoylquinic acid, is a water-soluble polyphenolic phenylacrylate compound produced by plants through the shikimic acid pathway during aerobic respiration. CGA is widely found in higher dicotyledonous plants, ferns, and many Chinese medicine plants, which enjoy the reputation of "plant gold." We have summarized the biological activities of CGA, which are mainly shown as anti-oxidant, liver and kidney protection, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, regulation of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory, protection of the nervous system, and action on blood vessels. We further determined the main applications of CGA in the food industry, including food additives, food storage, food composition modification, food packaging materials, functional food materials, and prebiotics. With a view to the theoretical improvement of CGA, biological activity mechanism, and subsequent development and utilization provide reference and scientific basis.

Keywords: bioavailability; biosynthesis pathway; chlorogenic acid; food application; mechanism; source.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structural formula of (A) 5-CQA and (B) 3-CQA.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The main source of CGA.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Three possible pathways of CGA synthesis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Anti-oxidation mechanism of CGA.
Figure 5
Figure 5
CGA protects the liver and kidney mechanism.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Bacteriostatic mechanism of CGA.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Anti-tumor mechanism of CGA.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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