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Case Reports
. 2022 Jan-Jun;43(1):72-74.
doi: 10.4103/ijstd.IJSTD_91_19. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Epstein-Barr virus infection presenting as encephalitis in HIV-Phenomenon not seen frequently

Rahul Mahajan  1 , Kuljeet Singh Anand  1 , Abhishek Juneja  1 , Jyoti Garg  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Epstein-Barr virus infection presenting as encephalitis in HIV-Phenomenon not seen frequently

Rahul Mahajan et al. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2022 Jan-Jun.

Abstract

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection can rarely present as encephalitis in HIV patients. We report a case of a 22-year-old female patient, diagnosed to have HIV infection 8 years back. She presented with headache and altered behavior for a week and focal fits for 2 days. Neurological examination was unremarkable. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis with raised protein. EBV was detected in CSF using polymerase chain reaction test. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensities involving the left frontal cortex, left thalamus, and right medial temporal cortex. The patient was started on antiviral therapy considering the diagnosis of EBV encephalitis. The patient completely recovered over the next few weeks.

Keywords: Encephalitis; Epstein-Barr virus; HIV.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence of magnetic resonance imaging brain showing hyperintensity in the left frontal cortex
Figure 2
Figure 2
T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence of magnetic resonance imaging brain showing hyperintensity in the left thalamus
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