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. 2022 Jun 30:9:929904.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.929904. eCollection 2022.

Mycotoxin Contamination of Feeds and Raw Materials in China in Year 2021

Wei Hao  1 , Anping Li  1 , Jinyong Wang  1 , Gang An  1 , Shu Guan  2
Affiliations

Mycotoxin Contamination of Feeds and Raw Materials in China in Year 2021

Wei Hao et al. Front Vet Sci. .

Abstract

In this research, we performed a large-scale survey of mycotoxin contamination in several feed commodities and assessed regional differences in mycotoxin occurrence in maize across China in 2021. Concentrations of aflatoxins, zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisins, and trichothecenes type B were analyzed in 2,643 raw material and compound feed samples collected from eight provinces. Generally, trichothecenes type B, fumonisins, and ZEN were most prevalent and detected in averages of positive concentrations at 1,167, 1,623, and 204 μg/kg, respectively. In the new season maize, samples were also seriously infested with trichothecenes type B, fumonisins, and ZEN, and their averages of positive concentrations were 1,302, 2,518, and 225 μg/kg, respectively. Wheat was commonly contaminated with trichothecenes type B and ZEN, and the highest concentration levels of trichothecenes type B, fumonisins, and ZEN were all detected in the samples from maize by-products. Among the different geographical regions, distinct trends were observed in new season maize. Samples from Shandong province were highly contaminated with trichothecenes type B, fumonisins, and ZEN, while special attention should be paid to aflatoxins and fumonisins in Anhui and Jiangsu provinces in East China. In addition, the present survey showed that compound feeds and raw materials are commonly contaminated by multiple mycotoxins. Trichothecenes type B and ZEN concentrations were correlated significantly in this survey.

Keywords: China; feed; maize; mycotoxin contamination; raw material.

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Conflict of interest statement

WH, AL, JW, and GA was employed by DSM (China) Co., Ltd. SG was employed by DSM Singapore Industrial Pte Ltd.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Positive rates of main mycotoxins generally in China in 2021 and 2020.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Positive rates of main mycotoxins of new season maize in China in 2021 and 2020.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation of mycotoxin concentrations of new season maize in China in 2021. Panels on the lower left side show the distribution of concentrations (in μg/kg) for each combination of two mycotoxins. Panels in the diagonal show the distribution of concentrations for each mycotoxin. Panels on the upper right side show the correlation coefficient for each combination of two mycotoxins. ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation of mycotoxin concentrations of feeds and raw materials in China in 2021. Panels on the lower left side show the distribution of concentrations (in μg/kg) for each combination of two mycotoxins. Panels in the diagonal show the distribution of concentrations for each mycotoxin. Panels on the upper right side show the correlation coefficient for each combination of two mycotoxins. ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05.
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