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Review
. 2022 Jun 30:12:825598.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.825598. eCollection 2022.

Based on the Development and Verification of a Risk Stratification Nomogram: Predicting the Risk of Lung Cancer-Specific Mortality in Stage IIIA-N2 Unresectable Large Cell Lung Neuroendocrine Cancer Compared With Lung Squamous Cell Cancer and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Ying Yang  1 , Cheng Shen  2 , Jingjing Shao  1 , Yilang Wang  3 , Gaoren Wang  4 , Aiguo Shen  1
Affiliations
Review

Based on the Development and Verification of a Risk Stratification Nomogram: Predicting the Risk of Lung Cancer-Specific Mortality in Stage IIIA-N2 Unresectable Large Cell Lung Neuroendocrine Cancer Compared With Lung Squamous Cell Cancer and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Ying Yang et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study is to predict overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) in patients with stage IIIA-N2 unresectable lung squamous cell cancer (LUSC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and large cell neuroendocrine cancer (LCNEC) by constructing nomograms and to compare risk and prognostic factors affecting survival outcomes in different histological subtypes.

Methods: We included 11,505 unresectable NSCLC patients at stage IIIA-N2 between 2010 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Moreover, competition models and nomograms were developed to predict prognostic factors for OS and LCSS.

Results: Analysis of the SEER database identified 11,505 NSCLC patients, of whom 5,559 (48.3%) have LUAD, 5,842 (50.8%) have LUSC, and 104 (0.9%) have LCNEC. Overall, both OS and LCSS were significantly better in stage IIIA-N2 unresectable LUAD than in LCNEC, while there was no statistically significant difference between LUSC and LCNEC. Age, gender, T stage, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were significantly associated with OS rates in LUAD and LUSC. However, chemotherapy was the only independent factor for LCNEC (p < 0.01).From competitive risk models, we found that older age, larger tumors, non-chemotherapy and non-radiotherapy were associated with a increased risk of death from LUAD and LUSC. Unlike prognostic factors for OS, our study showed that both chemotherapy and radiotherapy were all LCNEC-specific survival factors for both LCSS and non-LCSS LCNEC.

Conclusion: Our study reports that unresectable patients with stage IIIA-N2 LCNEC and LUSC have worse LCSS than LUAD. The study's first prognostic nomogram constructed for patients with unresectable stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC can accurately predict the survival of different histological types, which may provide a practical tool to help clinicians assess prognosis and stratify these prognostic risks to determine which patients should be given an optimized individual treatment strategy based on histology.

Keywords: histology; lung cancer-specific survival; nomogram; non-small cell lung cancer; unresectable.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The flowchart for patient selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A nomogram for the prediction of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates and the corresponding calibration curve: (A) LUAD, (B) LUSC, and (C) LCNEC.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Competing risk analyses for patients in the LUAD, LUSC, and LCNEC group according to (A) age, (B) sex, (C) T stage, (D) chemotherapy, and (E) radiation.
Figure 4
Figure 4
A nomogram for the prediction of 1-, 3-, and 5-year LCSS rates: (A) LUAD, (B) LUSC, and (C) LCNEC.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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