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Case Reports
. 2022 Apr-Jun;21(2):168-172.
doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_94_20.

The biphasic phenomenon of cytokine storm in COVID pneumonia

Nehal M Shah  1 , Janakkumar R Khambholja  1 , Nilay N Suthar  1 , Hemang M Purohit  2
Affiliations
Case Reports

The biphasic phenomenon of cytokine storm in COVID pneumonia

Nehal M Shah et al. Ann Afr Med. 2022 Apr-Jun.

Abstract
in English, French

COVID-19 is a viral disease that commonly presents with mild symptoms with predominant respiratory system involvement. However, it can cause serious complications such as acute respiratory disease, multi-organ dysfunction, especially in patients with comorbidities. As it is a new disease, the full picture of the disease and its complications are not yet fully understood. Moreover, the patients at risk of complications are not well identified, and the data about the biphasic pattern of cytokine storm syndrome are limited. Here, we report the case of a 64-year-old male having diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease with triple-vessel coronary artery disease tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, then complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and two waves of cytokine storm in 28 days.

Résumé La COVID-19 est une maladie virale qui se présente généralement avec des symptômes bénins avec une atteinte prédominante du système respiratoire. Cependant, il peut entraîner des complications graves telles qu'une maladie respiratoire aiguë, un dysfonctionnement multiviscéral, en particulier chez les patients présentant des comorbidités. Comme il s'agit d'une nouvelle maladie, l'image complète de la maladie et de ses complications n'est pas encore entièrement comprise. De plus, les patients à risque de complications ne sont pas bien identifiés et les données sur le schéma biphasique du syndrome de tempête de cytokines sont limitées. Nous rapportons ici le cas d'un homme de 64 ans ayant un diabète sucré, une hypertension, une cardiopathie ischémique avec coronaropathie tri-vasculaire testé positif au syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère coronavirus 2, puis compliqué d'un syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë et deux vagues de tempête de cytokines en 28 jours. Mots-clés: Syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë, pneumonie COVID-19, tempête de cytokines, hyperinflammation.

Keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; COVID-19 pneumonia; cytokine storm; hyperinflammation.

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Conflict of interest statement

None

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
X-ray: Day 4 of Symptom Onset
Figure 2
Figure 2
Computed tomography thorax: Day 4 of Symptom Onset
Figure 3
Figure 3
X-ray: Day 28 of Symptom Onset
Figure 4
Figure 4
Computed tomography thorax: Day 28 of Symptom Onset
Figure 5
Figure 5
Picture: Case progress-1
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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