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. 2022 Nov;269(11):6043-6048.
doi: 10.1007/s00415-022-11265-x. Epub 2022 Jul 20.

No exaggerated tremor severity perception in functional tremor

Anne-Catherine M L Huys  1 , Patrick Haggard  2 , Kailash P Bhatia  3 , Mark J Edwards  4
Affiliations

No exaggerated tremor severity perception in functional tremor

Anne-Catherine M L Huys et al. J Neurol. 2022 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Symptoms of functional neurological disorder tend to be variable, yet patients often report them being present constantly and of permanently severe intensity. Furthermore, they typically worsen when they are mentioned or during clinical examination. Such phenomena are sometimes interpreted as indicating symptom exaggeration or even fabrication.

Methods: To test the notion of inaccurate symptom perception or reporting, we directly compared subjective to objective tremulousness of reaching movements in people with a functional action tremor, people with an organic action tremor and healthy controls. Identical subjective and objective measures were used, thus eliminating any potential metacognitive confounders. Furthermore, we assessed both immediate perceptual experience with a real-time perceptual task, offering the most direct comparison; and near-time retrospective reports as the latter contribute to peoples' overall judgement of their condition.

Results: There was no significant difference in subjective compared to objective tremor severity between the three groups for either the real-time or retrospective conditions.

Conclusion: People with functional tremor do not perceive or report their tremor in an exaggerated manner, compared to people with an organic tremor or healthy controls. We propose that symptom exacerbation through attentional mechanisms provides an alternative explanation for findings that are frequently attributed to 'exaggeration'.

Keywords: Attention; Exaggeration; Functional movement disorders; Functional neurological disorder; Perception; Prejudice; Visual feedback.

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