Association of Ultrasound Features in Uveal Melanoma With Metastatic Risk as Defined by Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma Status

Abstract

Background and objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between clinical and ultrasound features of uveal melanoma and preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), given its role as a biomarker for metastatic mortality.

Materials and methods: Ultrasonographic characteristics and PRAME expression status of patients with uveal melanoma (2016 to 2021) were retrospectively analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression.

Results: Of the 81 eyes included, 49 (60%) were PRAME negative and 32 (40%) were PRAME positive. Univariate analysis showed that only largest basal diameter (LBD) was significantly associated with PRAME positivity (P = .006). There was a borderline association between shape and PRAME positivity (P = .054), whereas height, internal reflectivity, vascularity, and location showed no effect. Multivariate regression identified LBD as the sole significant predictor of PRAME positivity (odds ratio, 1.196; 95% CI, 1.055 to 1.379; P = .008).

Conclusion: In this cohort, ultrasonographic LBD was significantly associated with PRAME status. No other clinical or ultrasound variables were predictive of molecular testing results. The results of this PRAME analysis are like prior reports, which suggested a strong association between gene expression profiling class 2 and increasing LBD. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2022; 53:374-378.].