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. 2022 Jul 5:12:927088.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.927088. eCollection 2022.

Tumor Location May Independently Predict Survival in Patients With M0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis

Kai Li  1 , Xiang Le  1 , Jianqing Wang  1 , Caibin Fan  1 , Jian Sun  1
Affiliations

Tumor Location May Independently Predict Survival in Patients With M0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis

Kai Li et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

Background: To determine the association between tumor location and both clinicopathological characteristics and the survival of patients with M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP).

Methods: Data of 455 patients diagnosed with M0 SCCP between 1975 and 2018 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of the United States National Cancer Institute. The effects of tumor location on overall survival (OS) and penile carcinoma-specific survival (PCSS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine the impact of tumor location on PCSS.

Results: SCCP was more likely to occur in the prepuce or glans (90%). Although no significant difference was observed between the OS of patients with M0 SCCP in the prepuce or glans and those with M0 SCCP in the body of the penis (p = 0.307), the former had better PCSS (p = 0.024). Moreover, M0 SCCP in the prepuce or glans was also significantly associated with better PCSS in patients with advanced age (age ≥ 60 years, p = 0.011), other ethnicities (p = 0.003), T2-T4 stage (p = 0.036), larger tumors (≥3 cm, p = 0.001), no regional lymph nodes removed (p = 0.044), and radical surgery (p = 0.027). Multivariate analysis confirmed that tumor location is an independent prognostic factor for patients with M0 SCCP [hazard ratio (HR) 1.881, p = 0.026].

Conclusions: Tumor location is an independent prognostic factor for patients with M0 SCCP, and tumors in the prepuce or glans portend better PCSS.

Keywords: overall survival; penile carcinoma specific survival; prognostic factor; squamous cell carcinoma of the penis; tumor location.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaplan–Meier analyses of overall survival (A) and penile carcinoma-specific survival (B) between different tumor locations.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival in age < 60 years group (A) and age ≥ 60 years group (B) in patients stratified by tumor location.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival in different ethnicities (A–C) in patients stratified by tumor location.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival on Ta–T1 group (A) and T2–T4 group (B) in patients stratified by tumor location.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival on tumor size < 3 cm group (A) and tumor size ≥ 3 cm group (B) in patients stratified by tumor location.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival on no regional lymph nodes removed group (A) and regional lymph nodes removed group (B) in patients stratified by tumor location.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival in non-radical surgery group (A) and radical surgery group (B) in patients stratified by tumor location.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival in N0 group (A) and N1–N3 group (B) in patients stratified by tumor location.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Kaplan–Meier analyses of penile carcinoma-specific survival in G1+G2 group (A) and G3+G4 group (B) in patients stratified by tumor location.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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