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. 2022 Jul 12;8(7):e09912.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09912. eCollection 2022 Jul.

A meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of the global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Marina Junqueira Clemente  1 , Anderson Sousa Martins Silva  1   2 , Maria Olivia Pozzolo Pedro  2 , Henrique Soares Paiva  2 , Cintia de Azevedo Marques Périco  1   3 , Julio Torales  4 , Antonio Ventriglio  5 , João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia  1   2   3   6
Affiliations

A meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of the global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Marina Junqueira Clemente et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

There is a relative dearth of research on Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD), even if it has been recognized for over 100 years. Thus, the present study aims to review the worldwide prevalence of OCPD in different populations. The search was conducted employing the PubMed database of the US National Library of Medicine and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) to detect available studies showing OCPD prevalence rates. All the prevalence rates were extracted and aggregated through random-effects models. Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were performed. The final sample was composed of 46 articles, including 89,264 individuals. We found that OCPD reports a high prevalence rate, with 6.5% (95%CI = 4.3-9.1%), and reaching even higher among psychiatric and clinical patient population. OCPD has presented stable prevalence rates worldwide throughout the past 28 years. There was no gender-related effect, but OCPD prevalence rates may decrease with age increase. There is a need to investigate personality disorders epidemiology based on the recently updated classification systems (i.e., DSM-5 and ICD-11). The present meta-analysis may suggest that the current diagnostic tools may detect OCPD in a cross-sectional assessment but not throughout the life of the person.

Keywords: Compulsive personality disorder; OCPD; Personality disorders; Prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA checklist.
Figure 2
Figure 2
MOOSE checklist.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Publication Bias: Results of funnel plot and tests for all studies included in the meta-analysis for OCPD prevalence. Egger's regression test of funnel plot asymmetry: t = 2.2603, df = 75, p-value = 0.02671. Fail-safe N Calculation Using the Orwin Approach: 1 (Average Effect Size: 0.139; Target Effect Size: 0.0695).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Study's selection flow chart.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Adjusted Forest Plot. P.S.: Different subpopulation numbers (e.g., Psychiatric 1 and 2; Prison 1 and 2) refer to different type of subpopulations assessed in the same study (i.e., case-control design).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Subgroup analysis - population
Figure 7
Figure 7
Subgroup analysis - region
Figure 8
Figure 8
Subgroup analysis - criterion
Figure 9
Figure 9
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