Understanding changes made to reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health services in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
- PMID: 35867009
- PMCID: PMC9310789
- DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2022.2080167
Understanding changes made to reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health services in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
Abstract
COVID-19 mitigation measures have disrupted the provision of essential health services. The goal of this study was to understand changes in reproductive, maternal, neonatal, and child health (RMNCH) services during the pandemic in Pakistan. We conducted a qualitative study in November and December 2020 consisting of telephone in-depth interviews with women, healthcare providers, and community stakeholders. Interviews were analysed using a thematic, iterative approach. All health facilities had changed their routine procedures, including adjustments in service delivery time and staff hours to reduce crowding, and maintain standard operating procedures (SOPs) such as social distancing. Women highlighted stockouts and lack of supplies as key barriers to care-seeking. Stockouts and crowding led to shifts in care-seeking away from public to private facilities. RMNCH service utilisation declined first due to restrictions during the lockdown, then due to fear of contracting COVID-19 at healthcare facilities. This study provides important insights into RMNCH services during the COVID-19 pandemic from care-seekers' and care-providers' perspectives. The findings of this study were used to develop interventions to address access to RMNCH care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Les mesures d'atténuation de la COVID-19 ont désorganisé la prestation des services de santé essentiels. L'objectif de cette étude était de comprendre les changements intervenus dans les services de santé reproductive, maternelle, néonatale et infantile (SRMNI) pendant la pandémie au Pakistan. Nous avons réalisé une étude qualitative en novembre et décembre 2020 consistant en entretiens téléphoniques approfondis auprès de femmes, de prestataires de soins de santé et d'acteurs communautaires. Les entretiens ont été analysés au moyen d'une méthode thématique et itérative. Tous les établissements de santé avaient changé leurs procédures habituelles, notamment avec des ajustements des horaires de prestation des services et du temps de travail du personnel pour réduire l'affluence et maintenir des procédures opérationnelles normalisées comme la distanciation physique. Les femmes ont cité les ruptures de stock et le manque de fournitures comme principaux obstacles à la demande de soins, et les ruptures de stocks et l'affluence ont abouti à une réorientation de la demande de soins du secteur public au profit des établissements privés. L'utilisation des services de SRMNI a diminué initialement en raison des restrictions pendant le confinement, puis du fait de la peur de la contamination par la COVID-19 dans les centres de santé. Cette étude procure de précieux renseignements sur les services de SRMNI pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 du point de vue des patients et des prestataires de soins. Les conclusions de l'étude ont été utilisées pour mettre au point des interventions relatives à l'accès aux soins de SRMNI pendant la pandémie de COVID-19.
Las medidas de mitigación de COVID-19 han interrumpido la prestación de servicios de salud esenciales. El objetivo de este estudio era entender los cambios en los servicios de salud reproductiva, materna, neonatal e infantil (SRMNI) durante la pandemia en Pakistán. Realizamos un estudio cualitativo en noviembre y diciembre de 2020, que consistió en entrevistas telefónicas a profundidad con mujeres, prestadores de servicios de salud y partes interesadas en la comunidad. Se analizaron las entrevistas utilizando un enfoque temático iterativo. Todos los centros de salud habían realizado cambios a sus procedimientos rutinarios, tales como ajustes en el tiempo de prestación de servicios y en las horas del personal para reducir el hacinamiento y mantener procedimientos operativos normalizados (PON) como el distanciamiento social. Las mujeres destacaron los desabastecimientos y la falta de suministros como barreras clave para buscar atención, y los desabastecimientos y el hacinamiento causaron que la búsqueda de atención se desviara de los centros de salud públicos hacia establecimientos de salud privados. El uso de servicios de SRMNI disminuyó inicialmente debido a las restricciones durante el cierre, y posteriormente debido al temor de contraer COVID-19 en establecimientos de salud. Este estudio proporciona importantes perspectivas sobre los servicios de SRMNI durante la pandemia de COVID-19, desde el punto de vista de quienes buscan los servicios y de los prestadores de servicios. Los hallazgos del estudio se utilizaron para crear intervenciones para abordar el acceso a los servicios de SRMNI durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19; Pakistan; health services; maternal and child health; sexual and reproductive health.
Conflict of interest statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
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