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. 2022 Jul 20;42(7):1038-1043.
doi: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.07.11.

[Temporal trend and contributing factors of depressive symptoms in Chinese menopausal women: analysis based on CHARLS panel data]

[Article in Chinese]
J Li  1   2 , Y Xiao  1   2 , J Liao  2 , C Yang  1   2
Affiliations

[Temporal trend and contributing factors of depressive symptoms in Chinese menopausal women: analysis based on CHARLS panel data]

[Article in Chinese]
J Li et al. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. .

Abstract
in English, Chinese

Objective: To understand the temporal trend of and the factors affecting depressive symptoms in Chinese menopausal women to provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment strategies.

Methods: CHARLS data were used to select menopausal women aged 45-60 years. Complete values of the key variables were screened and missing values were removed to obtain the cross-sectional data of the years 2011 (n=4318), 2013 (n=4200), 2015 (n=3930), and 2018 (n= 4147). The panel data were matched by the cross-sectional data, and a total of 5040 cases with complete record of the follow-up data were obtained for the 4 years to constitute a balanced short panel dataset with n=1260 and T=4. The prevalence and temporal trend of depressive symptoms in the menopausal women were analyzed based on the panel data. The random-effects Logit model with a panel dichotomous choice model was used to explore the factors affecting depressive symptoms in the menopausal women.

Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the menopausal women calculated based on the panel data was 35.9%, 33.1%, 36.7% and 43.7% in the 4 years, respectively, showing no statistically significant changes in the temporal trend (APC=3.25%, P=0.183). The results of the random-effects Logit model analysis showed that living in the urban area (OR=0.570, 95%CI: 0.457-0.710), a high education level (OR=0.759, 95%CI: 0.655-0.879), and having a spouse (OR=0.363, 95% CI: 0.236-0.558) were associated with a decreased incidence of depressive symptoms, while poor self-reported health (OR= 2.704, 95% CI: 2.152-3.396), disability (OR=1.457, 95%CI: 1.087-1.954), chronic disease (OR=1.407, 95% CI: 1.179-1.680), falls in the last two years (OR=2.028, 95% CI: 1.613-2.550), abnormal sleep duration (OR=2.249, 95% CI: 1.896-2.664), and dissatisfaction with life (OR=4.803, 95% CI: 3.757-6.140) were associated with an increased incidence of depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: The prevalence of depressive symptoms is relatively high in menopausal women in China. Measures should be taken to ensure that the menopausal women living in rural areas, with low education level, without spouse, with a poor self-reported health status, disability, chronic diseases, falls in recent two years, abnormal sleep time and dissatisfaction with life have access to psychological health care services and interventions.

目的: 了解我国围绝经期女性抑郁症状变化情况及影响因素，从而为制定防治策略提供依据。

方法: 利用CHARLS数据选取年龄45~60岁关键变量值完整的围绝经期女性作为调查对象，去除缺失值，得出4年的截面数据，分别为4318、4200、3930和4147份。通过截面数据匹配面板数据，得到4期完整的追踪数据5040份，构成n=1260，T=4的平衡短面板数据集。利用面板数据分析围绝经期女性抑郁症状检出率及变动情况，采用面板二值选择模型的随机效应Logistic回归模型分析围绝经期女性抑郁症状的影响因素。

结果: 不同年份追踪样本的围绝经期女性的抑郁症状检出率分别为35.9%，33.1%，36.7%，43.7%，追踪数据检出率的变化趋势不具有统计学意义（APC=3.25%，P=0.183）。回归结果显示：城镇地区OR=0.570（0.457，0.710）、文化程度越高OR=0.759（0.655，0.879）、有配偶OR=0.363（0.236，0.558）是围绝经期女性抑郁症状的保护因素；自评健康差OR=2.704（2.152，3.396）、有残疾OR=1.457（1.087，1.954）、有慢性疾病OR=1.407（1.179，1.680）、最近两年有摔倒OR=2.028（1.613，2.550）、睡眠时长不正常OR=2.249（1.898，2.664）、生活较不满意OR=4.803（3.757，6.140）是围绝经期女性抑郁症状的危险因素。

结论: 我国围绝经期女性抑郁症状检出水平较高，应加强对农村地区，文化程度低，无配偶，自评健康差，有残疾，有慢性疾病，最近两年有摔倒，睡眠时长不正常，生活较不满意等人群的心理保健和控制措施。

Keywords: depression; menopause; panel data; risk factors.

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