Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Jul 1;10(7):120.
doi: 10.3390/dj10070120.

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation as Non-Surgical Treatment for Periodontal Disease with a Focus on Female Patients: Literature Review

Zana Sllamniku Dalipi  1 , Fatmir Dragidella  1
Affiliations
Review

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation as Non-Surgical Treatment for Periodontal Disease with a Focus on Female Patients: Literature Review

Zana Sllamniku Dalipi et al. Dent J (Basel). .

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a complex disease that involves an imbalance between the oral microbiota and an individual's inflammatory response. Moreover, the inflammatory response contributes to further imbalance; if left untreated, periodontal disease may result in tooth loss. Vitamin D is intricately involved in the regulation of calcium-phosphate homeostasis and bone mineral metabolism; considering that periodontal surgery usually includes regenerative therapy, adequate vitamin D and calcium levels are essential. The benefits of vitamin D and calcium supplementation have been demonstrated in situations where deficiency is associated with adverse outcomes, such as periodontal disease and maternal health. However, knowledge and attitudes about supplementation, as well as the actual levels of supplementation, vary greatly in the general population; they also differ between men and women. The aim of this review is to discuss how vitamin D and calcium supplementation affect oral and periodontal health, especially in women. Additionally, this review provides suggestions for public health strategies regarding vitamin D and calcium supplementation, as well as the effects of both types of supplementation on maternal oral health.

Keywords: calcium; dysbiosis; maternal health; periodontal disease; vitamin D; women pregnancy.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Calcium and vitamin D metabolism in the body. PLC, phospholipase C; PTH, parathyroid hormone.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pathogenesis of periodontal disease and a possible relationship with vitamin D deficiency.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Helal O., Göstemeyer G., Krois J., Fawzy El Sayed K., Graetz C., Schwendicke F. Predictors for tooth loss in periodontitis patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2019;46:699–712. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13118. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Darveau R.P. Periodontitis: A polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2010;8:481–490. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2337. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Hajishengallis G. Periodontitis: From microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2015;15:30–44. doi: 10.1038/nri3785. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lamont R.J., Koo H., Hajishengallis G. The oral microbiota: Dynamic communities and host interactions. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2018;12:745–759. doi: 10.1038/s41579-018-0089-x. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kinane D.F., Stathopoulou P.G., Papapanou P.N. Periodontal diseases. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 2017;3:17038. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.38. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources