Rethinking Subthreshold Effects in Regulatory Chemical Risk Assessments

Evgenios Agathokleous^{1

2}, Damià Barceló^{3

4}, Michael Aschner⁵, Ricardo Antunes Azevedo⁶, Prosun Bhattacharya⁷, David Costantini⁸, G Christopher Cutler⁹, Alessandra De Marco¹⁰, Anca Oana Docea¹¹, José G Dórea¹², Stephen O Duke¹³, Thomas Efferth¹⁴, Despo Fatta-Kassinos¹⁵, Vasileios Fotopoulos¹⁶, Antonio Ginebreda¹⁷, Raul Narciso C Guedes¹⁸, A Wallace Hayes^{19

20}, Ivo Iavicoli²¹, Olga-Ioanna Kalantzi²², Takayoshi Koike²³, Demetrios Kouretas²⁴, Manish Kumar²⁵, José E Manautou²⁶, Michael N Moore^{27

28

29}, Elena Paoletti³⁰, Josep Peñuelas^{31

32}, Yolanda Picó³³, Russel J Reiter³⁴, Ramin Rezaee^{35

36}, Jörg Rinklebe³⁷, Teresa Rocha-Santos³⁸, Pierre Sicard³⁹, Christian Sonne^{40

41}, Christopher Teaf⁴², Aristidis Tsatsakis⁴³, Alexander I Vardavas⁴³, Wenjie Wang^{44

45}, Eddy Y Zeng⁴⁶, Edward J Calabrese⁴⁷

Affiliations

¹ Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu China.
² Research Center for Global Changes and Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration & Mitigation, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu China.
³ Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC; Barcelona 08034, Spain.
⁴ Catalan Institute for Water Research, ICRA-CERCA; Girona 17003, Spain.
⁵ Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, New York 10461, United States.
⁶ Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"/Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP); São Paulo CEP 13418-900, Brazil.
⁷ KTH-international Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden.
⁸ Unité Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation (PhyMA), UMR 7221 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; CNRS, 7 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.
⁹ Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Campus, Dalhousie University; Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 5E3, Canada.
¹⁰ ENEA, CR Casaccia, SSPT-PVS; Rome 00123, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova; Craiova 200349, Romania.
¹² Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília; Brasília 70919-970, Brazil.
¹³ National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi; Mississippi 38677, United States.
¹⁴ Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology; Mainz 55128, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Nireas-International Water Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus; P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus.
¹⁶ Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology; Lemesos 3603, Cyprus.
¹⁷ Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
¹⁸ Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa;Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
¹⁹ Center for Environmental/Occupational Risk Analysis & Management, University of South Florida, College of Public Health; Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.
²⁰ Michigan State University; East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.
²¹ Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II; Naples 80131, Italy.
²² Department of Environment, University of the Aegean; Mytilene 81100, Greece.
²³ Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University; Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
²⁴ Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larisa 41500, Greece.
²⁵ School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies; Dehradun 248007, India.
²⁶ Pharmaceutical Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.
²⁷ European Centre for Environment & Human Health (ECEHH), University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital; Truro TR1 3HD, U.K.
²⁸ Plymouth Marine Laboratory; Plymouth, Devon PL1 3DH, U.K.
²⁹ School of Biological & Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth; Plymouth PL 4 8AA, U.K.
³⁰ Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council; Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.
³¹ CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB; Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain.
³² CREAF; Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia 08193, Spain.
³³ Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE), Universitat de València-CSIC-GV; Valencia 46113, Spain.
³⁴ Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States.
³⁵ International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad 91779-43335, Iran.
³⁶ Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91779-43335, Iran.
³⁷ University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management; Wuppertal 42285, Germany.
³⁸ Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro; Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
³⁹ ARGANS, 260 route du Pin Montard, Biot 06410, France.
⁴⁰ Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC); Roskilde DK-4000, Denmark.
⁴¹ Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University; Zhengzhou 450002, China.
⁴² Institute of Science & Public Affairs, Florida State University; Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States.
⁴³ Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete; Heraklion 71003, Greece.
⁴⁴ Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040, China.
⁴⁵ Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science; Changchun 130102, China.
⁴⁶ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University; Guangzhou 511443, China.
⁴⁷ Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts; Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.

PMID: 35878124
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02896

Rethinking Subthreshold Effects in Regulatory Chemical Risk Assessments

Evgenios Agathokleous et al. Environ Sci Technol. 2022.

. 2022 Aug 16;56(16):11095-11099.

doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02896. Epub 2022 Jul 25.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu China.
² Research Center for Global Changes and Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration & Mitigation, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu China.
³ Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC; Barcelona 08034, Spain.
⁴ Catalan Institute for Water Research, ICRA-CERCA; Girona 17003, Spain.
⁵ Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, New York 10461, United States.
⁶ Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"/Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP); São Paulo CEP 13418-900, Brazil.
⁷ KTH-international Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden.
⁸ Unité Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation (PhyMA), UMR 7221 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; CNRS, 7 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.
⁹ Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Campus, Dalhousie University; Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 5E3, Canada.
¹⁰ ENEA, CR Casaccia, SSPT-PVS; Rome 00123, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova; Craiova 200349, Romania.
¹² Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília; Brasília 70919-970, Brazil.
¹³ National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi; Mississippi 38677, United States.
¹⁴ Johannes Gutenberg University, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology; Mainz 55128, Germany.
¹⁵ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Nireas-International Water Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus; P.O. Box 20537, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus.
¹⁶ Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology; Lemesos 3603, Cyprus.
¹⁷ Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
¹⁸ Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa;Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
¹⁹ Center for Environmental/Occupational Risk Analysis & Management, University of South Florida, College of Public Health; Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.
²⁰ Michigan State University; East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.
²¹ Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II; Naples 80131, Italy.
²² Department of Environment, University of the Aegean; Mytilene 81100, Greece.
²³ Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University; Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
²⁴ Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larisa 41500, Greece.
²⁵ School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies; Dehradun 248007, India.
²⁶ Pharmaceutical Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.
²⁷ European Centre for Environment & Human Health (ECEHH), University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital; Truro TR1 3HD, U.K.
²⁸ Plymouth Marine Laboratory; Plymouth, Devon PL1 3DH, U.K.
²⁹ School of Biological & Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth; Plymouth PL 4 8AA, U.K.
³⁰ Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council; Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.
³¹ CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB; Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain.
³² CREAF; Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia 08193, Spain.
³³ Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE), Universitat de València-CSIC-GV; Valencia 46113, Spain.
³⁴ Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States.
³⁵ International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad 91779-43335, Iran.
³⁶ Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91779-43335, Iran.
³⁷ University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management; Wuppertal 42285, Germany.
³⁸ Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro; Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
³⁹ ARGANS, 260 route du Pin Montard, Biot 06410, France.
⁴⁰ Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC); Roskilde DK-4000, Denmark.
⁴¹ Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University; Zhengzhou 450002, China.
⁴² Institute of Science & Public Affairs, Florida State University; Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States.
⁴³ Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete; Heraklion 71003, Greece.
⁴⁴ Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University; Harbin 150040, China.
⁴⁵ Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science; Changchun 130102, China.
⁴⁶ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University; Guangzhou 511443, China.
⁴⁷ Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts; Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.

PMID: 35878124
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02896

No abstract available

Keywords: Chemical Risk Assessments; cancer; hormesis.

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Rethinking Subthreshold Effects in Regulatory Chemical Risk Assessments

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