Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Jun 22;7(7):114.
doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7070114.

Entomological Surveillance of Aedes Mosquitoes: Comparison of Different Collection Methods in an Endemic Area in RIO de Janeiro, Brazil

Affiliations

Entomological Surveillance of Aedes Mosquitoes: Comparison of Different Collection Methods in an Endemic Area in RIO de Janeiro, Brazil

Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara et al. Trop Med Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Using collection methods for Aedes adults as surveillance tools provides reliable indices and arbovirus detection possibilities. This study compared the effectiveness of different methods for collecting Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus and detecting arboviruses circulating in field-caught female specimens. Collection sites were defined in urban, peri-urban, and rural landscapes in two Brazilian cities. Collections were performed using Adultraps (ADT), BG-Sentinel (BGS), CDC-like traps (CDC), and indoor (ASP-I) and outdoor (ASP-O) aspiration during the rainy and dry seasons of 2015 and 2016. Generalized linear mixed models were used to model the effectiveness of each collection method. A total of 434 Ae. aegypti and 393 Ae. albopictus were collected. In total, 64 Ae. aegypti and sixteen Ae. albopictus female pools were tested for DENV, CHIKV, ZIKV, or YFV; none were positive. Positivity and density were linear at low densities (<1 specimen); thereafter, the relationship became non-linear. For Ae. aegypti, ADT and CDC were less effective, and ASP-I and ASP-O were as effective as BGS. For Ae. albopictus, all collection methods were less effective than BGS. This study highlights the need for an integrated surveillance method as an effective tool for monitoring Aedes vectors.

Keywords: Aedes; BG-Sentinel; CDC light trap; adultrap; backpack aspiration; entomological surveillance; mosquito vectors; trap comparison.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Map of the state of Rio de Janeiro showing the location of Cachoeiras de Macacu (CMA) and Itaboraí (ITA). Collection areas comprise one or more neighborhoods and are divided into urban (brown), peri-urban (light green), and rural (dark green).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Climate and dengue transmission in (A) Itaboraí and (B) Cachoeiras de Macacu. Gray bars represent monthly accumulated rainfall. Solid and dashed black lines represent mean and minimum and maximum temperatures (°C). Red lines represent mean monthly dengue incidence from 2001–2019 (cases per 10,000 inhabitants) (Source: Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação—SINAN).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Exploratory analysis of the total number of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus specimens collected in the study. Top: percentage of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus specimens collected according to landscapes (urban, peri-urban and rural). Middle: percentage of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus specimens collected according to season (wet and dry). Bottom: percentage of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus specimens collected according to collection method (ADT, BGS, CDC, ASP-I and ASP-O).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Estimated smoothing curves for Ae. aegypti (top) and Ae. albopictus (bottom). The solid line represents the smoother function; the grey area represent 95% confidence intervals. ADT = Adultrap, BGS = BG-Sentinel, CDC = CDC light trap, ASP-I = Indoor aspiration, ASP-O = Outdoor aspiration. Dotted red lines are placed at zero to facilitate visual interpretation. It was impossible to fit an ASP-I model for Ae. albopictus because of the low number of observations. x-axis represent the density indexes for each trap and each species; y-axis represent the effect of the density index on the positivity index for each trap and each species.

References

    1. Gubler D.J. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 1998;11:480–496. doi: 10.1128/CMR.11.3.480. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Weaver S.C. Arrival of Chikungunya Virus in the New World: Prospects for Spread and Impact on Public Health. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2014;8:e2921. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002921. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Honório N.A., Câmara D.C.P., Calvet G.A., Brasil P., Honório N.A., Câmara D.C.P., Calvet G.A., Brasil P. Chikungunya: An arbovirus infection in the process of establishment and expansion in Brazil. Cad. Saúde Pública. 2015;31:906–908. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XPE020515. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Musso D., Gubler D.J. Zika Virus. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2016;29:487–524. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00072-15. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lounibos L.P. Invasions by insect vectors of human disease. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2002;47:233–266. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145206. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources