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Review
. 2022 Jul 25;27(1):130.
doi: 10.1186/s40001-022-00759-z.

Which patients are prone to suffer liver metastasis? A review of risk factors of metachronous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer

Mengdi Hao  1   2 , Kun Wang  1   2 , Yuhan Ding  1   2 , Huimin Li  1   2 , Yin Liu  1   2 , Lei Ding  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Which patients are prone to suffer liver metastasis? A review of risk factors of metachronous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer

Mengdi Hao et al. Eur J Med Res. .

Abstract

Background: In recent years, with the increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its high fatality rate, CRC has seized the attention of the world. And liver metastasis, as the main cause of death of CRC, has become the leading cause of treatment failure in CRC, especially metachronous liver metastasis, have caused patients who underwent bowel resection to experience multiple tortures.

Main body: Metachronous liver metastasis has severely affected the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Therefore, in this review, we discuss risk factors for metachronous liver metastasis of CRC, which is the premise for effective intervention for CRC patients who suffer metachronous liver metastasis after undergoing surgery, as well as the signaling pathways associated with CRC.

Conclusion: The occurrence of metachronous liver metastasis is closely related to histology-based prognostic biomarkers, serum-based biomarkers, tumor microenvironment, pre-metastatic niche, liquid biopsy and tissue-based biomarkers. Further research is required to explore the risk factors associated with liver metastasis of CRC.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Colorectal cancer; Metachronous liver metastasis; Risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Overview of EGFR–RAS–RAF–MEK–MAPK pathway, a cellular signaling pathway involved in progression and proliferation of colorectal cancer
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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