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Review
. 2022 Jul 16;23(14):7839.
doi: 10.3390/ijms23147839.

The Multi-Dimensional Biomarker Landscape in Cancer Immunotherapy

Jing Yi Lee  1 , Bavani Kannan  1 , Boon Yee Lim  1 , Zhimei Li  1 , Abner Herbert Lim  1 , Jui Wan Loh  1 , Tun Kiat Ko  1 , Cedric Chuan-Young Ng  1 , Jason Yongsheng Chan  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

The Multi-Dimensional Biomarker Landscape in Cancer Immunotherapy

Jing Yi Lee et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

The field of immuno-oncology is now at the forefront of cancer care and is rapidly evolving. The immune checkpoint blockade has been demonstrated to restore antitumor responses in several cancer types. However, durable responses can be observed only in a subset of patients, highlighting the importance of investigating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and cellular heterogeneity to define the phenotypes that contribute to resistance as opposed to those that confer susceptibility to immune surveillance and immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize how some of the most widely used conventional technologies and biomarkers may be useful for the purpose of predicting immunotherapy outcomes in patients, and discuss their shortcomings. We also provide an overview of how emerging single-cell spatial omics may be applied to further advance our understanding of the interactions within the TME, and how these technologies help to deliver important new insights into biomarker discovery to improve the prediction of patient response.

Keywords: microsatellite instability; multiomics; single cell transcriptomics; spatial transcriptomics; tumor mutational burden.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Conventional technologies used for prediction of ICI benefit in cancer patients.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Emerging high-dimensional technologies in the field of immune-oncology.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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