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. 2022 Jul 11;14(14):2819.
doi: 10.3390/polym14142819.

A Green Resin Wood Adhesive from Synthetic Polyamide Crosslinking with Glyoxal

Qianyu Zhang  1   2 , Gaoxiang Xu  1   2 , Antonio Pizzi  3 , Hong Lei  1   2 , Xuedong Xi  1   2 , Guanben Du  1   2
Affiliations

A Green Resin Wood Adhesive from Synthetic Polyamide Crosslinking with Glyoxal

Qianyu Zhang et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Glyoxal is considered to be the most likely substitute for formaldehyde to synthesize resin adhesives for wood bonding due to its reactivity, structural characteristics, being non-toxic, low volatility, and acceptable cost. Regrettably, the performance of the resin synthesized using glyoxal to directly replace all formaldehyde is not totally satisfactory, especially as it has almost no water resistance. This makes such a simple alternative fail to be suitable for industrial production. To prepare an environment-friendly glyoxal-based adhesive with good bonding performance, the work presented here relies first on reacting citric acid and hexamethylene diamine, producing a polyamide, with glyoxal, and then crosslinking it, thus synthesizing a thermosetting resin (namely CHG) adhesive and applying it for plywood bonding. The plywood prepared exhibits excellent dry and wet shear strength, which are better than GB/T9846-2015 standard requirements (≥0.7 MPa), and even after being soaked in hot water at 63 °C for 3 h, its strength is still as high as 1.35 MPa. The CHG resin is then potentially an adhesive for industrial application for replacing UF (urea-formaldehyde) and MUF (melamine-urea-formaldehyde) adhesives for wood composites.

Keywords: glyoxal; plywood; polyamide; water resistance; wood adhesives.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation for the preparation of CHG resin and its using for wood bonding.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Infrared spectrum test results of the solid CH and CHG resins.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Bonding performance of plywood bonded with CHGs resins.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Example of glyoxal crosslinking reaction with polyamide.
Figure 4
Figure 4
DMA results of the CHG resin adhesives.
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Example of glyoxal aldol condensation.
Figure 5
Figure 5
DSC results of the CHG resin adhesives.
Figure 6
Figure 6
TGA results of the CHG resin adhesives.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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