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Review
. 2022 Apr 19;12(3):303-316.
doi: 10.1007/s13534-022-00226-y. eCollection 2022 Aug.

Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: A Review and Future Outlook

Anahita Malvea  1 , Farbod Babaei  2 , Chadwick Boulay  3   4 , Adam Sachs  3   4   5 , Jeongwon Park  2   6
Affiliations
Review

Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's Disease: A Review and Future Outlook

Anahita Malvea et al. Biomed Eng Lett. .

Abstract

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that manifests as an impairment of motor and non-motor abilities due to a loss of dopamine input to deep brain structures. While there is presently no cure for PD, a variety of pharmacological and surgical therapeutic interventions have been developed to manage PD symptoms. This review explores the past, present and future outlooks of PD treatment, with particular attention paid to deep brain stimulation (DBS), the surgical procedure to deliver DBS, and its limitations. Finally, our group's efforts with respect to brain mapping for DBS targeting will be discussed.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s; Bradykinesia; Deep brain stimulation (DBS); Dystonia; Essential tremor; Parkinson’s disease (PD); Parkinson’s symptoms; Subthalamic nucleus (STN); Thalamus (VM); Tourette syndrome (TS); Treatment resistant depression (TRD); globus pallidus interna (GPi).

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Images obtained from the DBS surgery planning station showing coronal (top left), sagittal (top right), and axial (bottom left) pre-operative MRI with an overlayed atlas to identify the STN based on high iron deposits (coloured MRI) and atlas anatomic identification. Bottom right image showing a 3D reconstruction with the planned bilateral electrode insertion trajectory
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Images obtained from the DBS surgery planning station showing pre-operative (left) and post-operative (right) axial MRIs with an overlayed atlas for DBS of the STN
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Intraoperative anterior thalamic nucleus stimulation surgery ventriculograms showing DBS lead placement. (top left – coronal; top right – sagittal; bottom – sagittal)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Post-operative, bone-window CT head images showing coronal (top left), sagittal (top right), and axial (bottom left) positioning of bilateral, STN DBS leads
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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