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. 2022 Jul 21;10(3):47.
doi: 10.3390/diseases10030047.

Unmet Nutritional and Psychological Needs of Cancer Patients: An Integrated Multi-Professional Model Approach

Giuseppe Carruba  1 , Maria Luisa Calagna  2 , Ildegarda Campisi  2 , Stella Cutrera  2 , Laura Napoli  2 , Giovanni Pitti  2 , Valentina Palmisano  2 , Giuseppina Savio  3 , Antonella Usset  3 , Vita Leonardi  3 , Angela Di Pasquale  4 , Salvatore Requirez  5 , Livio Blasi  3
Affiliations

Unmet Nutritional and Psychological Needs of Cancer Patients: An Integrated Multi-Professional Model Approach

Giuseppe Carruba et al. Diseases. .

Abstract

This paper presents a multi-professional integrated approach toward the recognition and management of the nutritional and psychological needs of cancer patients. In particular, the patients undertook a multi-professional, multistep process that included the collection of both personal and clinical data, the evaluation of anthropometric measures, nutritional status and psychometric indices, and an ensuing personalized nutritional prescription and psychological support, ultimately leading to combined nutritional and psychological interventions to control their adherence to a nutritional program and to consolidate motivation to change. Overall, 120 patients were recruited for the study. The majority (84.2%) were female. Breast cancer was by far the most frequent malignancy (52.5%), followed by colorectal (17.5%), pancreatic (9.2%), ovarian (9.2%) and lung (5.0%) cancers. The results of the nutritional and psychological screening at baseline indicated that only 35% of patients had a normal BMI, whilst a relatively high proportion (nearly 32%) was overweight or obese (25%). The INRAN and MEDI-LITE questionnaires, which were used to assess the eating habits and adherence to a Mediterranean diet, respectively, revealed a mixed prevalence of cereals/cereal-based, fresh/processed meat, and fish or fishery food, with a medium-low adherence to the Mediterranean diet in nearly 38% of patients. The BUT, HADS and SF-36 tests, which were used to assess psychological disturbances, showed that 37.5% of patients had disorders regarding body image, 29.2% had abnormal anxiety and 20.0% had a depressive state, while no significant association was observed between the SF-36 PCS and MCS and the patients' characteristics. The results of the potential impact of this novel approach on the QoL of patients after completion of the course are awaited with expectation.

Keywords: cancer patients; model approach; multi-professional interventions; nutritional status; psychological status.

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Conflict of interest statement

All the authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The multi-professional, multistep process of nutritional and psychological support for cancer patients.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Timeline of the nutritional and psychological intervention path.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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