[Suicide risk management in clinical practice. Current challenges and future perspectives]

Abstract

There is still little reliable information about the psychological processes underlying suicidal behaviour, and suicide risk assessment scales also have only limited predictive value. However, the recently described suicide-specific syndromes such as acute suicidal affective disorder (ASAD) and suicide crisis syndrome (SCS) open up new possibilities for a complex interpretation and prediction of suicidal behaviour. We briefly summarize modern theoretical approaches explaining the development of suicidal behaviour, the possibilities of predicting suicide risk, and contemporary methods of assessing pre-suicidal psychopathological symptoms, highlighting the suicide-specific syndromes and their screening tools. The results of the systematic review of the suicide-specific syndrome literature indicate that both the ASAD construct and the SCS may be helpful in predicting suicidal behaviour and they correlate with other similar questionnaires. Suicide-specific syndromes and the measurement tools are proven to be effective in theoretical research as well as in the field of clinical applicability in the prediction of suicidal behaviour, so their adaptation and application in Hungary may be recommended.

Keywords: kérdőív; questionnaire; suicidal behaviour; suicide risk prediction; suicide-specific syndromes; szuicidrizikó-becslés; szuicidspecifikus szindrómák; öngyilkos magatartás.